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Your skin is made up of three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis.
The epidermis is the top layer of skin. It waterproofs your body and keeps germs out. Cells in your epidermis make something called melanin . Melanin gives skin its color. Patches of skin with extra melanin are called freckles . This thicker layer of skin has blood vessels , sweat glands , hair roots , and nerve endings which let you sense pain, touch, heat, and cold. This is a layer of fatty tissue under the dermis which helps your body stay warm. Hypodermis
This gland produces sweat, also known as perspiration . When you get hot, your pores open and sweat comes out. You cool off when the sweat evaporates.
Your oil glands make oil that keeps your skin moist and soft. Too much can clog a pore and make a pimple.
Hairs grow from holes in the skin called follicles . You have follicles on almost every part of your body.
This tiny muscle attached to each hair follicle makes hairs stand up when you get goosebumps.
Each square inch of human skin consists of 20 blood vessels .
Standards Link: Life Science: Students know that living organisms have distinct body systems that solve specific functions in survival.
© Vicki Whiting June 2025
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