Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6), Climate Action (SDG 13)
Fabrication of Cellulose-based Hydrogel composite for removal of Dyes, Heavy Metal Ions, and Antibiotics from Water Md Anamul Haque * , Ajadur Rahman Sakil, Sharmin Islam, Md Aftab Ali Shaikh Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Global industrialization poses a major challenge to the environment because of utilizing huge chemicals during various industrial processes and discharging them directly in to the environment without adequate treatment. Harmful dye, toxic heavy metal containing liquid discharges and solid wastes are the major contributors of environmental pollution, particularly water pollution in Bangladesh as well as the global environmental pollution. In this work, cellulose-based recyclable hydrogel composite materials are designed and fabricated by synergistic combination of waste-product-derived cellulose and conventional polymer hydrogel. Cellulose has been extracted from jute sacs and modified by TEMPO oxidation method and used as a crucial component for fabricating the hydrogel composite. The synthesized hydrogel composites have been employed for the removal of hazardous industrial effluents such as dyes, heavy metal ions, and antibiotics from aqueous solution. The hydrogel composite was synthesized by polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) in presence of potassium per sulfate (KPS) as initiator and N, N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) as cross-linker at 600C for 6 hours. Prior to the polymerization, various amounts of the cellulose were mixed well with the pre-gel solution containing AAm, KPS, and MBAA. The structure and properties of the prepared composite were characterized by various analysis techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile mechanical tester. The synthesized composite shows enhanced mechanical properties after addition of various amounts of cellulose and modified cellulose which is very important for recyclable use and durability. The hydrogels and the hydrogel composites were employed to absorb heavy metals (Cd, Pd, Cr, Fe), dyes (methylene blue, methyl red, bromocresol, crystal violet) and antibiotics (azithromycin, doxycycline) from their aqueous solutions. The composite hydrogel prepared by incorporating cellulose and modified cellulose were found to absorb significantly higher amount of heavy metals from waste-water than the conventional hydrogel only. Both hydrogel and hydrogel composite were able to remove dyes selectively from the mixture of dyes in water. Therefore, the hydrogel and its composite material fabricated in this work could allow us not only for the effective consume of harmful solid-waste but also help to design and establish a cost-effective, eco-friendly, simple functioning and efficient waste-water treatment plant globally for various industries.
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