Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Good Health & Well-being (SDG 3)
Functionalized carbon dots/silver nanotriangle based localized SPR biosensors for the enhancement of creatinine detection Athiyah Sakinah Masran 1 , Nur Hidayah Azeman 2* , Mohd Hafiz Abu Bakar 1 , Nur Afifah Ahmad Nazri 1 , Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain 2 , and Ahmad Ashrif A Bakar 1 1 Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor 2 Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor The pervasiveness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased from 9.1% (2011) to 15.5% (2018), consequently burden the treatment cost by the healthcare system in Malaysia. Creatinine detection is an indicator to diagnose CKD in patients. The drawbacks of the current techniques are sensitivity, selectivity, and tediousness. In terms of sample extraction, the procedure involves drawing out blood which is unpleasant and complicated. Although urine test is non-invasive, it is time-consuming. Alternatively, saliva is used with the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor to provide a better solution for these issues. This project proposes an advancement of a localized SPR biosensor for creatinine detection, offers comparable performance to the existing, outweighing the current measurement limitation. The objective starts with studying the surface modification effect of functionalized carbon dots/silver nanotriangle (CDs/AgNT) towards its properties. The optical and physicochemical properties of the CDs/AgNT are characterized to detect creatinine. Subsequently, the performance of the localized SPR sensor is evaluated. Finally, the sensor is validated with the Jaffé standard method of creatinine detection. The CDs are synthesized by reacting citric acid with ethylenediamine before functionalization with hydrochloric acid. Then, AgNT is synthesized via the reduction method and grown on the sensing substrate surface before deposition of CDs for sensor performance enhancement. The localized SPR sensing performance is evaluated based on several sensor parameters: sensitivity, response time, repeatability, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). This research outcome expects to provide an effective creatinine detection mechanism by providing a sensitive and selective sensor technique, a simple yet cost-effective treatment for diagnosing CKD. This work will be a good contributor for the UN Sustainable Development Goal, No. 3: Good-Health and Well-being, as well as IR4.0. Keywords: carbon dots, silver nanoparticles, localized SPR, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), creatinine.
P03
© The Author(s), 2023
Made with FlippingBook Learn more on our blog