زﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺴﻠﻮك اﻟﺒﴩي , ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ إﱃ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﺟﺘﲈع ﻣﺮوًرا ﺑﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ , ﻗﺪ ﱠﱃ و , وﻻ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﱃ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﳌﺎذا ﻳﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻧﻪ , ﻓﺎﳌﻬﻢ أﳖﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮن ذﻟﻚ وﻛﻔﻰ , وﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ وﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ وأﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ. ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة وﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ , واﻷرﻗﺎم ﺗﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ " 1 . ﺗﺄﺳﻴًﺴﺎ ﻋﲆ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ , ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺘﺴﺎءل : ﻫﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻜﱪى ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﲆ " ﻗﺮﺻﻨﺔ " ﳑﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺣﻘﻞ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻹﻋﻼم واﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﻋﲆ ﻏﺮار ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ واﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﻓﻖ ﻣﺎ ذﻫﺐ إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ 2 , أم إﳖﺎ ﺳﺘﻨﻘﺬ اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻹﻋﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أزﻣﺘﻬﺎ ? ﻣﺎ زاﻟﺖ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺴﺆال ﳏﻞ ﺧﻼف , ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ أن اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ دﻓﻌﺖ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ واﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ إﱃ اﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎف " اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ " اﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﺎﺷﺘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﺘﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﻘﺮن اﳌﺎﴈ وﺳﺒﻌﻴﻨﺎﺗﻪ 3 . وﻳﺮى اﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻵﺧﺮ أن اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻜﱪى ﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﺘﻪ " اﻟﻔﻮردﻳﺔ " -ﻧﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ﺟﻮن ﻓﻮرد ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﴍﻛﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺎرات- ﰲ ﻋﺎﱂ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ , ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ وإﻋﺎدة ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻪ أﻓﻘﻴ © ﺎ وﻋﻤﻮدﻳ © ﺎ وزﻳﺎدة اﻹﻧﺘﺎج 4 ; ﳑﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ أن ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻻ ﱢﲑ ُﺗﻐ ﰲ ﻃﺮاﺋﻖ اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﲆ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ , ﺑﻞ ﱢﲑ ﺳُﺘﻐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺬه اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ.
1 - Chris Anderson, “The End of Theory: The Data Deluge Makes the Scientific Method Obsolete,” Wired, June 23, 2008, “accessed November 2, 2021”. https://bit.ly/3GYSlLv . 2 - Simon Lindgren, “Hacking social science for the age of the datafication,” Journal of Digital Social Research, Vol. 1, no. 1, (2019): 1–9, “accessed September 3, 2021”. https://bit.ly/3FY99RJ. 3 - Danah Boyd, Kate Crawford, Six provocations à propos des big data, Trad. Laurence Allard et al., Symposium, “Une décennie avec internet,” Oxford Internet Institute, September 21, 2011, “accessed November 2, 2021”. https://urlz.fr/gJoS . 4 - Ibid.
131
Made with FlippingBook Online newsletter