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Taking Blood Thinners
Possible Side Effects Severe bleeding is rare, but ask your doctor about your risk and other possible side effects. Immediately call your nurse (or 911 outside the hospital) if you notice any signs of dangerous bleeding: Blood in your urine Bleeding that doesn’t stop Headache, stomach pain, or dizziness Some blood thinners can cause birth defects, so tell your doctor if you could be pregnant or are considering pregnancy. or bowel movements Vomiting or coughing up blood
How to Use Them Safely Blood thinners are medications you take to prevent blood clots or keep them from growing larger. Your doctor may prescribe a type of blood thinner called an anticoagulant to reduce your risk of clots after surgery or a stroke or to treat a long-term heart or lung condition. Types of anticoagulants include warfarin, heparin, and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Each type works differently. How long you take them depends on your medical conditions, risk of blood clotting, age, and other factors. Safe Use When you take blood thinners, it’s harder for your blood to clot to stop bleeding. This can make injuries more dangerous. Follow these tips to stay safe while taking blood thinners: Take blood thinners exactly as prescribed. Don’t skip doses or double up if you forget. Tell your doctor all the medications you take, especially any with aspirin in them. Talk to your doctor about your diet. Changes in the amount of vitamin K you eat (from foods like green leafy vegetables, avocados, soy products, and canola oil) can interfere with some blood thinners. Before any medical or dental procedure, tell healthcare staff you take blood thinners. Don’t skip blood tests. Regular blood tests can help your healthcare team make sure you are getting the safest dose of blood thinners. Avoid sports and activities that increase your risk of injury. If you can’t avoid them, use protective gear like gloves or a helmet. Use grooming products that are less likely to make you bleed, like a soft-bristle toothbrush, waxed dental floss, and an electric razor.
Reversal Agents These medications help stop bleeding in urgent situations by reversing the effects of some blood thinners. Ask your doctor if the blood thinner you take has a reversal agent.
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