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September 19, 2024 VMR with Rabih & Maryana - tingling, numbness, and burning sensation of b/l LE
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune condition that primarily affects the central nervous system, particularly the optic nerves and spinal cord. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerves) and transverse myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord), which can lead to vision loss, paralysis, and other neurological symptoms. The disorder is often associated with the presence of anti- Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies, which target water channels in the central nervous system, leading to inflammation and damage. NMOSD is sometimes mistaken for multiple sclerosis (MS) due to overlapping symptoms, but it is a distinct condition with different underlying mechanisms and treatment approaches. Treatment typically involves managing acute attacks with high-dose corticosteroids or plasma exchange, while long-term therapy focuses on immunosuppressive agents to prevent relapses and reduce the risk of permanent neurological damage. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and preserving quality of life in affected individual
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