The cultural, political and economic hegemony of the countries of the
North is also expressed by the international institutions whose administrative
headquarters are located in the countries of the North, such as the United
Nations and the World Bank. Furthermore, the large companies of the Northern
countries take advantage of this "intensification of world-wide social relations"
in order to export themselves internationally and spread a Northern culture.
Thus, chains such as Mcdonald's or Starbuck's contribute to the insertion of the
United States in the process of globalisation by relocating while spreading an
American culture abroad.
Moreover, although globalization links distant or less developed
countries, it continues to favour the countries of the North economically insofar
as the reference currency remains the dollar and the founding and "historic"
members of international organisations have relatively more weight in decision-
making than developing or less developed countries.
The historical globalisation of the countries of the North, although it has
occurred periodically, has contributed to the creation of a context of inequalities
between the countries of the North and the South, which is not diminishing even
though the countries of the South are also part of the globalisation process.
The intensity of the globalisation process and the intensification of
economic relations between the countries of the North show the countries of
the South the way to achieve sustainable economic growth and close economic
relations. However, the contemporary globalisation of Southern countries,
already lagging behind that of Northern countries, is slowed down by the
continued exploitation of their resources to produce goods for Northern
consumption. Thus, all the textile production consumed by European countries
comes from South East Asian countries such as Cambodia, Vietnam or
Bangladesh (Oxfam France, 2022). In addition, a large number of Northern
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