space". Globalisation is an inevitable process insofar as the circulation of goods,
services and people between countries only increases with modern
globalisation. The capitalist thinking that goes hand in hand with the process of
globalisation encourages countries to produce more, to the detriment of the
global objectives of environmental cooperation. Thus, globalisation as an
inevitable process of economic and industrial development is opposed to
institutional and political globalisation, which promotes environmental
protection through international environmental organisations.
Moreover, in this objective of climate protection, although many
international organisations involved in the globalisation process are involved in
finding solutions, important economic actors such as transnational firms or
lobbies interfere in these measures in order to defend their productive and
economic interests.
Here again, inequalities between the countries of the North and the South
remain insofar as, where the climate consequences are more pronounced in the
countries of the South, it is the countries of the North that are the main
polluters. Globalisation should ideally allow for international cooperation to
solve this climate emergency, but countries in both the North and the South are
not prepared to sacrifice their economic interests to reduce environmental
threats. These disagreements between the countries of the South and the North
can be explained by the fact that the countries of the South are lagging behind
the countries of the North in terms of industrialisation, but also by the strong
presence of anti-climate lobbies in the decision-making process of the countries
of the North and of international organisations. Transnational companies such
as Shell or Total, but also meat or industrial lobbies, spend millions of dollars to
influence political decisions on environmental issues. For example, the British
company BP "reportedly spent no less than $13 million to support a campaign
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