October 1929
T h e
K i n g ’ s
B u s i n e s s
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History Versus Evolution B y D udley J oseph W h itn ey {Exeter, Calif.)
The only way that a thing like this would fit evolu tion would be to have all the ape men perish from South Africa to Britain, also all the Neanderthal men, the Cro- Magnon men, and all other men, except just a few indi viduals in West Central Asia, and from those few indi viduals there would suddenly spring into existence such diverse and virile races as the Aryans, the Mongolians and Semites. We would decide that nothing but a deluge from which some Cro-Magnon Noah and his family sur vived would enable evolved man to graduate into the civi lization of antiquity, and I question whether anthropolo gists would care to adopt that solution of their problem. What other solution they can have, it is hard to say, for certainly modern races of men all started up just about 4,500 years ago in the district between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. Certainly, also, an ape ancestry for man would put him on earth hundreds of thousands of years ago and he would either perish completely or dominate the earth long before 2500 B. C., or even 5000 B. C. The time and point of the origin of the different races is a matter of extreme importance. Some of the Aryans, to which branch of the human family most of us belong, went south into India, others went westward into Europe, still others (the Persians) stayed close to the point of origin. One branch of the Negro race went westward into Africa, another branch south and east through India and toward the Pacific Isles. Most of the Semites went west. Probably the most remarkable date in ancient history is found in the dawn of Chinese history.^ The time is 2300 B. C., in perfect harmony with Genesis and (allow ing for minor errors) with Ussher’s chronology; and the place is not China, but south of the Caspian Sea, just where the other branches of the human family came from. Furthermore, early Chinese civilization is alleged to have been based upon a Sumerian foundation (see Lodge’s History of Nations, as well as other histories, for confir mation of these assertions). I maintain that if the Mongolian branch of the human family, from which the American Indian is doubtless an offshoot, or to which it is at least closely related, set out from the plains of Shinar a little more than 2,000 years before Christ, all the other branches of the human family must have divided from one another at approximately the same time. It is absolutely unbelievable that the different human stocks could live together for more than a brief interval without intermarrying so much that the different human strains would be mixed and mingled into one common type. As a matter of biology and anthropology this point is of overwhelming importance, and yet it seems to have been entirely overlooked by everyone. In other words, the human family must have split up into parts very early in its career, in its very infancy, so to speak; otherwise dif ferent strains would be so merged that there would be no very distinct races. Much more can be said upon this matter. What has been said is enough to indicate the overwhelming bio-
o^jgbVERY large part of the argument over evolution j|K i versus creation has related to the question M ifn whether the first men were products of definite JpSpii creation, or whether they were evolved from apes Jyjjfllfc and still lower animals. ju JJ l “ N ow , as a matter of science, the question of evolution does not apply a particle more to man than it does to a whale or a house fly. Of course, some people might decide that plants and the lower animals came by evolution but that God used creation when it was time to make man. An idea like that might be better fitted to theology than to science, but we are here trying to treat the problem as a matter of science, and in that man is simply an important part of organic nature. However, there are various reasons for making a par ticular study of the origin of man. One of those reasons is that human history can be traced in a way that the history of plants and animals cannot be, and in this way light can be thrown upon the origin of man of a kind that cannot be used in connection with the origin of other kinds of living things. I will say with all the emphasis in my power that human history demonstrates the failure of evolution and the truth of Genesis in the strongest sort of fashion, and that no geologist and no biologist has any right to ignore the testimony of history and then to assert that those two sciences prove evolution. T h e O rig in of M odern R aces In viewing the situation a wise thing to do is to think what course human history would have had if modern men were descended from the apes, then compare such a course of probable history with the traditions and records of the nations of antiquity, and with Genesis. Evolutionists tell us, with the alleged authority of scientists, that men are descended from ape-like animals, said ape-like ancestors having been evolved from reptiles, fishes and still lower animals.' Low-browed, chinless brutes termed the Java man, Piltdown man, and so on, are brought to our notice as being either the direct ancestors of, modern men, or close relatives of our ancestors. According to this theory, ape changed to man perhaps half a million years ago and suc ceeded in due time in evolving into Neanderthal men, who had weapons and a primitive culture. These are alleged to have given place (as far as southwestern Europe is concerned) to the exceptionally fine Cro-Magnon men anywhere from 15,000 to 50,000 years ago; and then, finally, the definite races of antiquity appeared. Evolution therefore requires man to have existed as man for '¡half. a million years or thereabouts^ starting, however, from something close to gorilla form and mem tality, but reaching a condition of superb development 15,000 years or more ago. .However, when we drop theory and get down to his tory, that is, to more or less accurate and definite facts, we find that modern races of men started up only about 4,500 years ago, not 15,000 years ago, and that they spread out suddenly from one definite part of the globe in numerous distinct and highly endowed races.
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