Foot and Mouth Disease: Comprehensive Overview
FMD virus Type : Non–enveloped virus, very resistant, small (23-25 nm) ss RNA genome Family: Picornaviridae 7 serotypes: A, O, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2 and SAT3 – 65 sub-lineages No cross immunity between different serotypes => serotype-specific vaccine High mutation rate => multiplicity of FMDV variants Environmental resistance (>1 month)
Non zoonosis disease WOAH-listed reportable disease High contagiousness High morbidity (up to 100%) Low mortality in adults (1-5%) – higher in young (>20%) Recovery could be long and difficult
Various species affected
Affects domestic cloven-hooved animals
Large ruminant
Swine
Small
If you have any suspicion, contact the competent local animal health authorities.
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