Riley Children's Health Annual Report – October 2025

The neuroradiology program at Riley Children’s Health provides leading-edge imaging and interpretation for the expert diagnosis of irregularities of the brain and spine. Our pediatric neuroradiologists and neurointerventional radiologists collaborate with multiple pediatric clinical specialties to help ensure the highest levels of care for infants, children and adolescents with a variety of diseases and conditions of the head and neck, brain, and spine. NEURORADIOLOGY

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

NOTABLE PUBLICATIONS

Riley neuroradiologists serve as principal investigators or principal site investigators for several National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded studies. ■ Evaluating maternal brain function in prenatal opioid exposure ■ Investigating infant brain structure and functional development in prenatal substance exposure

Frontiers in Neuroscience: August 2024 Prenatal opioid exposure significantly impacts PKC and drug transporters, leading to drug resistance and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome American Journal of Neuroradiology: October 2024 Sotos syndrome: Deep neuroimaging phenotyping reveals high prevalence of malformations in cortical development Exploration of Neuroscience: May 2024 Using magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy corpus callosotomy to lateralize a seizure focus for staged surgical approach OUR TEAM ALSO PUBLISHED IN: Brain | Scientific Reports Neuroradiology | Frontiers in Genetics

13 peer-reviewed publications in 2024

TOP DISTINCTIONS

Riley Children’s is the primary site for a $3.1 million multicenter grant from the NIH to study fetal brain growth and placental function in pregnant women with prenatal opioid exposure. Our radiologists serve as collaborators on these other studies (funded by the NIH and other organizations): ■ Study on understanding brain effects of cerebral malaria in children in Uganda ■ Research studies on mechanical thrombectomy and hematoma evacuation in intracranial clots and neuroendovascular devices Other clinical research ■ Accuracy of radiography, CT and MRI in evaluation of spine fractures in children evaluated for abuse ■ Quantitative brain volume and cortical parametric analysis for identification of epileptogenic regions in epilepsy ■ Brain development in children with Type 1 diabetes ■ Brain structural changes in children with sickle cell disease ■ Advanced imaging in pediatric brain tumors

■ Only group of trained pediatric neuroradiologists in Indiana

■ Provides leading-edge neuroimaging techniques – High-field strength 3 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography for neurosurgical planning – Pediatric brain functional MRI for brain mapping – Brain perfusion imaging – Vascular imaging, including magnetic resonance angiography, magnetic resonance venography and vessel wall imaging – Magnetic resonance spectroscopy for metabolite assessments – Dynamic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow imaging – Protocols for fast brain imaging and imaging without anesthesia in young infants – Rapid stroke imaging – Low radiation dose computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols ■ Wide range of imaging-guided pediatric spine interventional services (lumbar puncture, myelograms, biopsies, patching for CSF leaks)

Riley Children’s is one of the few facilities in the Midwest offering

comprehensive pediatric functional MRI for presurgical eloquent cortex mapping. This technique identifies regions of the brain that are involved in motor, language or visual functions prior to brain surgery to prevent damage to important brain structures.

Neuroradiology Volume: 2020 – 2024 Cross-sectional imaging studies (CT and MRI)

16,063

14,638

DIRECTOR Rupa Radhakrishnan, MD, MS, MBA Associate Professor of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IU School of Medicine > Connect with Dr. Radhakrishnan on Doximity.

13,644 13,793

■ Only site in Indiana with an intra-arterial chemotherapy program for retinoblastoma

11,237

■ Dedicated pediatric neuroradiology fellowship program

7 board certified physicians

See full team member list >

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

Annual Report 2024 – 2025

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