2025 Seed Annuals | AMS | Culture Guides

All Culture Guides for 2025 Seed Annuals introductions.

Sweet Duet ™ Peach

Snapdragon Sweet Duet ™ Culture Guide Antirrhinum majus F1 Product form: Seed Containers: Quarts, Gallons, Patio Pots Habit: Upright Garden Specifications Garden height: 18–22” (46–56 cm) tall Garden width: 10–14” (25–35 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun USDA zone: 9–11 AHS zone: 12–1 Product use: Landscapes, Patio Pots, Combos

Germination

Germination time: 5 days Media Temperature: 72–75 °F (22–24 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Not required for germination Seed Cover: Yes

Moisture Level: 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are

heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Recommended tray size: 288-cell tray Seeds per Cell: 1

Young Plant Production Temperature Day: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Night: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Average daily temperature: 67 °F (19 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 400–600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1

Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.5 to 0.75 mS/cm, Press/Squeeze Method EC: 0.75-1.1 mS/cm Fertilizer: 50–75 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Pinching: No Plant growth regulators (PGRs): If needed, spray applications of B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm, Bonzi ® at 8–10 ppm or A-Rest ® at 4–6 ppm are effective to tone plugs.

Sweet Duet ™ Deep Red

Scheduling

Plug grow time: 7–8 weeks in a 288-cell tray Tech tip: High pH levels (above 6.2) may promote iron deficiency causing chlorotic young leaves. Overly wet conditions or watering late in the day can cause shoot tip abortion. Keeping the media too wet can also lead to root rot diseases such as Pythium . Finishing Temperature Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 68 °F (20 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours for increasing DLI Light intensity: 800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Flower timing is not effected by day length Daily light integral (DLI): 14–16 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly above the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot. Snapdragons have relatively weak root systems so it is best to dislodge the plugs prior to pulling from the plug tray. Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: 125–175 ppm N Pinching: Pinching is not recommended or needed. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Sweet Duet ™ snapdragon grown cool and under high light will need minimal PGRs. However, if grown under warmer temperatures when development is faster, spray applications of B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm, Bonzi ® at 15–20 ppm or Sumagic ® at 10–15 ppm are effective to reduce stretch. Do not apply Bonzi ® drenches after visible buds to prevent clubby flowers.

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

7–8 weeks

1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon)

7–8 weeks

1–2 ppp

3.0 quart to 2.0 gallon (7.5 to 10 inch)

7–8 weeks

3–5 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 68 °F (20 °C).

Example crop schedule for a 1.25 quart

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

Provide supplemental lighting if natural DLI is low or day lengths are short. Spray with plant growth regulator if needed.

1 week

4 weeks 7 weeks

Finish

Sweet Duet ™ Appleblossom

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Tech tip: Handle plugs gently when transplanting since snapdragons have relatively weak root systems. Do not bury the stem to avoid stem rot diseases. Control thrips to avoid TSWV or INSV infections. Sweet Duet ™ snapdragon are not influenced as much by day length. The flower response is more affected by temperature and will flower faster under warmer conditions (up to 68 – 70 ° F ADT). Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common pests: Thrips, Aphids, Spider mites Common diseases: Botrytis , downy mildew, powdery mildew, Pythium , rust, tospovirus (INSV and TSWV)

All photos are either the property of Syngenta or are used with permission. These materials are being distributed to you for information purposes only and for your private use. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information and formulas, no guarantee is given or responsibility taken by Syngenta for the accuracy of the materials or the applicability to your particular circumstances. Reliance upon this information is at user’s sole risk and Syngenta expressly disclaims any and all liability in connection with this advice. © 2024 Syngenta. Important: Always read and follow label instructions. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your local Extension Service to ensure registration status. Some or all of the varieties may be protected under one or more of the following: Plant Variety Protection, United States Plant Patents and/or Utility Patents and may not be propagated or reproduced without authorization. Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Sunfinity ® Culture and PGR Guide

SEED

Caption

Sunfinity ® Yellow-Red Bicolor

Helianthus Sunfinity ® Culture Guide Helianthus annuus Product form: Seed Containers: 2.5–3 quart, 1.5 gallon and larger patio containers Habit: Upright

Seed Germination Germination time: 5–6 days, with full germination in 10–14 days Media temperature: 68–72 °F (20–22 °C)

Chamber: Optional Light: Not required

Seed cover: Cover seed with a thin layer of media or coarse-grade vermiculite. Maintaining an even, consistent seed coverage is key to achieve uniform germination. Moisture level: 4 (wet) until germination is complete. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the . soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible . bend in the middle. Recommended tray size: 128- to 50-cell plug tray, 72-cell recommended Seeds per cell: 1

Garden Specifications Garden height: 36–48" (90–120 cm) tall Garden width: 24–28" (60–70 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun USDA zone: 11 AHS zone: 12–1 Product use: Beds and large containers

Seed Young Plant Production Temperature

Day: 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Night: 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Lighting Recommended day length: Long days; minimum of 14 hours for fastest finish Light intensity: 700–900 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 12–16 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.8 Media EC: SME EC: 1.0–1.5 mS/cm or Press/Squeeze Method EC: 1.5-2.25 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Plant growth regulators (PGRs): A Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol) sprench within 48 hrs of sowing is recommended with concentrations of 2–3 ppm for spring programs, and drenches recommended during summer sowings for additional control of vigor. Sprench volumes being 3–5 quarts per 100 sq ft. Foliar B-Nine ® WSG spray at 2,500 ppm can be applied 3 weeks after sowing in especially warm propagation conditions for added control. Plug time: 4 weeks in a 72-cell plug tray

Sunfinity ® Yellow Dark Center

SEED

Tech tips: If plugs get too stretched during propagation, they can be planted up to the cotyledons along with a preventive fungicide drench to protect the stem. Off-types are common in hybrid seed breeding, for Sunfinity ® you may experience 2 – 3% of the crop exhibiting off-types. These can easily be culled in propagation approximately 3 weeks after sowing by looking for seedlings that are taller than the rest of the tray and lighter green in tone. Direct sowing Sunfinity ® is possible however we strongly caution doing this as there can be danger from rodents and other small animals eating the seeds.

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 3 and 4. 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common pests: Aphids, spider mites, thrips, whiteflies, caterpillars Common diseases: Botrytis, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Powdery mildew

Scheduling

Finishing Temperature

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

2.5 to 3.0 quart (6 to 8 inch, trade gallon)

7–8 weeks

1 ppp

Day: 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) Night: 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Average daily temperature: 68–75 °F (20–24 °C) Lighting

1.5 to 2.5 gallon (10 to 12 inch)

7–8 weeks

1–2 ppp

3.0 gallon and larger (14 inch and larger)

7–8 weeks

2–3 ppp

Recommended day length: If Sunfinity ® plugs were propagated under long days (>14 hours) for 4 weeks, then finish photoperiod is not critical. If plugs were not propagated under long days then >14 hours or 4-hour night interruption is highly recommended to speed flowering. Light intensity: 700–900 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 12–20 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–6.0 Media EC: SME EC: 1.2–1.75 mS/cm; PourThru: 2.3-3.2 dS/cm Fertilizer: 150–200 ppm N Pinching: Required to improve branching and control vigor. After 5–6 nodes develop on the stem, pinch shoot tips leaving 4 nodes. The nodes of Sunfinity ® are opposite so a pinch to 4 nodes would leave 8 leaves. Do not pinch too early to avoid issues with uneven branching. This is a hard pinch — similar to how poinsettias are traditionally pinched. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Sunfinity ® has critical points in it’s development where PGR application timing optimizes control which varies with the production season. Refer to the PGR guide on the following pages for more specific recommendations. Tech tip: Crop time is 2–4 weeks longer if starting with plugs propagated under short days versus long days. For earliest flowering, provide long days, high light levels, and warm temperature. Preventive fungicide applications for Powdery mildew are recommended, especially in high humidity environments. Palladium ® and Heritage ® fungicides have all been effective at suppressing pathogens. Plants grown outside can attract chewing insects. Preventive insecticides, such as Mainspring ® GNL and Flagship ® 25WG are effective. Avid ® 0.15 EC insecticide is also recommended for spider mite control when grown in warm, dry conditions. Avid ® 0.15 EC also has the added benefit of caterpillar and whitefly control.

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 72-cell tray, propagated under longs days, and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 68 °F (20 °C). Crop time is one week faster at an ADT of 73 °F (23 °C) versus 68 °F (20 °C).

Example crop schedule for a 2.5 quart WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT DESCRIPTION

Provide ADT of 68 °F (20 °C) and DLI levels above 15 mol·m -2 ·d -1 . Pinch to 4 nodes to promote branching and control vigor. Evaluate crop for timing of first PGR application. Review PGR Guide on the following pages for specific recommendations for all treatments.

1 week

2 weeks

3 weeks

Apply preventive systemic fungicide and insecticides for maximum garden performance.

6 weeks

8 weeks

Finish

Sunfinity ® Yellow Dark Center

SEED

Sunfinity ® PGR Guide • Sunfinity ® is a free-branching and blooming sunflower that is truly unique from any other annual sunflower on the market. • Due to this habit, Sunfinity ® benefits from the application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) during finish. • This PGR Guide was designed to help growers make the best choice about when and what PGRs to apply to their crops. • For additional questions or support, reach out to the Syngenta Flowers Technical Team.

Control

To show final drench is critical

Spring recommendation

Summer recommendation

Syngenta hybrid Bonzi ® drench alternative

Larger plant causes difficulties in space efficiency, cart racking, and increases retail irrigation needs. X

Final drench is critical to control stretch at cracking color to achieve optimal finish height. This plant is too tall.

Use this protocol for cooler temperatures, shorter photoperiods, and lower DLIs.

Use this protocol for warmer temperatures, longer photoperiods, high DLIs, and

Replace first drench with a less laborious spray. This provides good height control, but delays flow- ering by approximately one week.

There is not enough height control with only two sprays. Greater control may have been achieved with an additional tank mix application 1–2 weeks after the pinch.

increased irrigation.

Finish heights: 38 in (97 cm)

26 in (66 cm)

24 in (61 cm)

22 in (56 cm)

30 in (76 cm)

SEED

Sunfinity ® PGR Guide

Weeks after sow

Control

To show final drench is critical Sow, 2 ppm Bonzi ® drench

Spring recommendation

Summer recommendation

Syngenta hybrid Bonzi ® drench alternative

Sow, 2 ppm Bonzi ® drench 1

Sow, 2 ppm Bonzi ® drench

1 2 3 4 5

Transplant

Pinch

6 7 Lateral shoots 3–4 cm 8 Visible buds 9 10 Cracking color

3 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5000 ppm B-Nine ® WSG spray

3 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5 ppm Bonzi ® drench

4 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5000 ppm B-Nine ® WSG + 1000 ppm Cycocel ® spray

3 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5 ppm Bonzi ® drench

4 ppm Bonzi ® drench

5000 ppm B-Nine ® WSG + 1000 ppm Cycocel ® spray

3 ppm Bonzi ® drench

Finish

$0.00

$0.04

$0.06

$0.10

$0.07

$0.05

Cost per Pot 2

38 in (97 cm)

26 in (66 cm)

24 in (61 cm)

22 in (56 cm)

30 in (76 cm)

Finish height 3

Data: Gilroy, CA January 2018 to April 2018

3 Finish height Inches (cm) from bottom of 2.5 qt. pot

1 Calculations for cost of Bonzi ® application at sow: 74 cells @ 60 ml per cell * 10% of the cell = 440 total mls drenched = $0.03 per flat This cost is not included in the Cost per Pot, actual cost per pot = $0.0004 2 Based on the following assumptions and calculations Cost Calculation for Sunfinity ® PGR Applications at 14-inch Centers For 100 square feet of Sunfinity ® plants at 1 gallon plant per 1.36 feet = 74 plants 0.5 gallon per 100 square feet (spray to runoff) 8 fluid ounces of drench solution for 1 gallon (2.8L) Cost per Pot calculations do not include labor costs – only the cost of the chemical is included in these calculations

Chemical costs used: $40.00: cost per 1 lbs of B-Nine ® WSG (daminozide 85%) $110.00: cost per quart of Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol 0.4%) $46.00: cost per quart of Cycocel ® (chlormequat chloride)

VEGETATIVE

Caption

Sunfinity ® Double Yellow

Helianthus Sunfinity ® Culture Guide Helianthus annuus Product form: Vegetative Containers: 2.5–3 quart, 1.5 gallon and larger patio containers Habit: Upright

Propagation of Unrooted Cuttings Root emergence: 6–8 days

Rooting hormone: Recommended. An overhead heavy spray to the cuttings (penetrating the rooting media) using water-soluble K-IBA at 250–300 ppm 24–48 hours after sticking can hasten rooting. Bottom heat temp: 70–74 °F (21–23 °C) for the first two weeks. After roots are well developed, temperatures can be lowered to hold and tone the cuttings. Misting: Mist schedules vary depending on light and temperature conditions. Apply just enough moisture to rehydrate the cuttings and keep them from wilting. Cuttings should be hydrated and in a non-wilted stage within 24 hours after sticking. Cuttings that continue to wilt heavily after 24 hours will callus unevenly and will be delayed in rooting. CapSil ® (spray adjuvant) can be sprayed on the cuttings at a rate of 2–4 oz/100 gal within 1–2 days after sticking to help in rehydration of the cuttings. Misting should be significantly reduced after 3–4 days and after cuttings become fully hydrated. Applying too much mist early on can lead to significant Botrytis infections on vegetative sunflowers. Recommended tray size: 105-cell tray (30 mm) or larger Propagation timing: 3–3.5 weeks for a 105-cell tray; add more rooting time for significantly larger tray sizes. Temperature

Garden Specifications Garden Height: 28–36" (71–91 cm) tall Garden Width: 24–28" (61–71 cm) wide

Exposure: Full Sun USDA zone: 4–11 AHS zone: 12–1

Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 70–72 °F (21–22 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Necessary to 14 hours

Sunfinity ® Double Yellow

Light intensity: Provide 200–250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. Light levels can be increased up to 600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 as rooting increases and the cutting matures. Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 4–6 mol·m -2 ·d -1 for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. DLI can be increased to greater than 12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 after root formation. Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, Press/Squeeze Method EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm Fertilizer: Begin fertilization at 100 ppm nitrogen when roots become visible. Rates can be increased up to 200 ppm nitrogen after roots become well developed. Use primarily Cal-Mag ® (calcium nitrate + magnesium nitrate) fertilizers in propagation to prevent unwanted stretch. Pinching: Not recommended

VEGETATIVE

Common pests: Aphids, spider mites, thrips, whiteflies, caterpillars Common diseases: Botrytis, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Thielaviopsis , Powdery mildew

Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Vegetative Sunfinity ® has good vigor and generally will need chemical growth regulation in propagation. To control growth after rooting, sprays of B-Nine ® WSG (2,500-3,500 ppm) are usually sufficient. For all sprays listed above, the mist should be off for a minimum of one hour for the PGR to absorb into the leaf tissue. Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol) media sprenches at 0.5–1.0 ppm at 2.5 to 3 weeks after sticking can be applied to maintain control of internode growth.

Scheduling

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon)

7–8 weeks

1 ppp

Finishing Temperature

3.0 quart to 2.0 gallon (7.5 to 10 inch) 2.5 to 3.0 gallon planter (12 to 14 inch)

7–8 weeks

1–2 ppp

Day: 70–72 °F (21–22 °C) Night: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Average daily temperature: 69 °F (20 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 14–16 mol·m -2 ·d -1

9–10 weeks

2–4 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 105-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 69 °F (20°C).

Example crop schedule for a 2.5 quart WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT DESCRIPTION

Provide average daily temperatures of 69 °F (20 °C) and DLI levels above 15 mol·m -2 ·d -1 . An optional pinch could occur at transplant. Apply preventative fungicides and insectides. Sprays of B-Nine ® WSG (2,500–5,000 ppm) or Sumagic ® (20–30 ppm) can be used to control growth. Evaluate plants and apply a Bonzi ® drench at 1 to 2 ppm to maintain controlled growth. Drop temperature if needed to help control growth.

1 week

Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the liner is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm Fertilizer: 200–250 ppm N Pinching: Optional; pinching can be done as early as at transplant or within 2 weeks of transplant. Pinching delays finish by 7–10 days, but helps to reduce plant height and increase branching. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Vegetative Sunfinity ® has good vigor and generally will need chemical growth regulation. Sprays of B-Nine ® WSG (2,500–5,000 ppm) or Sumagic ® (20–30 ppm) can be used to control growth. Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol) drench at 1–2 ppm at 3–4 weeks after transplanting; if needed Bonzi ® drench at 1–2 ppm to hold size at finish. Tech tip: For earliest flowering, provide long days, high light levels, and warm temperatures. Preventive fungicide applications for Powdery mildew are recommended, especially in high humidity environments. Palladium ® and Heritage ® fungicides have all been effective at suppressing pathogens. Insecticides, such as Avid ® 0.15 EC, Mainspring ® GNL and Flagship ® 25WG, are effective. Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 3. 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle.

2 weeks

3 weeks

6 weeks

8 weeks

Finish

Sunfinity ® Double Yellow combo with Painted Love ™ and Goldii

Sunfinity ® PGR Guide VEGETATIVE • Vegetative Sunfinity ® is a naturally free-branching, and blooming sunflower that is truly unique from any other annual sunflower on the market. • Due to its habit, vegetative Sunfinity ® benefits from one to two applications of plant growth regulators (PGRs) during finishing. • This PGR Guide is designed to help growers make the best choice about when and what PGRs to apply to their crops. • For additional questions or support, reach out to the Syngenta Flowers Technical Team .

Late Summer – Fall Production Recommendation

Spring Production Recommendation

Weeks After Stick

NO PGR

Early 2,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray + 2 ppm Bonzi ® Drench

2 ppm Bonzi ® Drench (Twice)

2,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray

2 ppm Bonzi ® Drench

0 1

- -

Stick

2,500-3,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray Transplant (Recommended Pinch)

2,500-3,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray * Transplant (Recommended Pinch)

2,500-3,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray Transplant (Recommended Pinch)

2,500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG Spray

2 ppm Bonzi ® Drench

- - - - - -

- - - -

- -

6 7 8 9

2 ppm Bonzi ® Drench

Finish (unpinched)

10 11

Finish (pinched)

N O

P I N C H

P I N C H E D

Pinched at transplant 7-10 day delay in flowering was observed when plants were pinched.

Trial Details: Gilroy, CA (week 46, 2023 to 2, 2024); Photo taken 7 weeks after transplant; Container: 1-gallon (2.5 quart) with 1ppp, Average Daily Temperature: 65.5 °F (18.6 °C), DLI: 9.3 mols/day. * If more control is required for liner shipping, replace the B-Nine ® WSG Spray with a Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol) media sprench at 0.5–1.0 ppm at 2.5–3 weeks after stick. Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 105-cell tray and finished at an Average Daily Temperature (ADT) of 69 °F (20°C) and lighting to 13 hours during natural short day.

VEGETATIVE

Disbudding

Disbudding during propagation causes excessive budding and reduces branching and vigor. Do not remove flower bud in propagation.

Disbudded

Not Disbudded

No Pinch vs Pinch

Pinching delays finish by 7-10 days but also helps to reduce plant height and increase branching.

LEARN MORE www.syngentaflowers-us.com/sunfinity

Pinched (4 weeks after transplant)

No Pinch

Trial Details: Gilroy, CA (week 7-16, 2024); Photo taken 9 weeks after transplant; PGRs: 2500 ppm B-Nine ® WSG spray 2 weeks after transplant then 2 ppm Bonzi ® drench 4 weeks after transplant; Container: 1-gallon (2.5 quart) with 1 ppp, Average Daily Temperature: 68.0 °F (20.0 °C), DLI: 12.8 mols/day.

Whisper ™ Rose Shades

Nicotiana Whisper ™ Culture Guide Nicotiana × alata Product form: Seed Habit: Upright Garden Specifications

Germination

Germination time: 3–5 days Media temperature: 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Required for germination Seed cover: No

Moisture level: 5 - SATURATED: Soil is dark brown and shiny, free water is present at the surface of the soil, water drips freely from the bottom of the tray, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Recommended tray size: 288-cell tray Seeds per Cell: 1

Garden height: 36–48” (91–123 cm) tall Garden width: 12–16” (30–40 cm) wide Exposure: Part Shade–Full Sun USDA zone: 8–11 AHS zone: 9–1 Product use: Cut flower, Landscape

Young Plant Production Temperature Day: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Night: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Average daily temperature: 67 °F (19 °C) Lighting

Day extension lighting: Not necessary Light intensity: 700–900 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9-1.3 mS/cm, Press/Squeeze Method EC: 1.2-1.7 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle.

Whisper ™ Appleblossom

Harvest Your Potential ™

Pinching: No Plant growth regulators (PGRs): If needed, spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500–2,500 ppm. Plug grow time: 4–5 weeks in a 288-cell tray Tech tip: Cool days with high light will reduce the need to apply PGRs. Finishing Lighting Light intensity: 800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): Greater than 18 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Transplanting: Transplant plugs in the spring into ground beds at approximately 9” x 9” spacing or greater in hot, humid locations to allow for air flow to prevent disease. Fertilizer: 200–250 ppm N Pinching: No. Pinching is not recommended or needed. Support netting: None needed Tech tip: Flowers will be harvestable 4–6 weeks after transplanting and will continue to flower until frost. Plant can be sheared with regrowth in 6 weeks. Postharvest handling: Harvest in early morning when temperatures are cool to avoid wilting. Harvest when half the flowers on the stem are open and cut into a commercial hydrating solution and then store in a commercial holding solution and condition overnight before selling. Slow-release chlorine tablet products like Chrysal CVBN are also effective. Expected vase life: 5-7 days. A holding solution is recommended to extend vase life.

Whisper ™ Mix

MC aepz tmi oenCr iazpet i o n ™ Rusty Red

Coleus Mezmerize ™ Culture Guide Solenostemon blumei Product form: Seed Containers: Packs, Pints, Quarts, Gallons Habit: Mounding Garden Specifications

Seed Germination Germination Stage 1/2 Germination time: 4 to 5 days Media temperature: Day and night: 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) Chamber: No Light: Not required for germination Seed cover: Yes Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, Press/Squeeze Method EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Moisture level: Wet (level 4) until cotyledons are open. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of . the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with . a visible bend in the middle. Recommended tray size: 288-cell plug tray Seeds per cell: 1

Garden height: 14–18" (35-45 cm) tall Garden width: 14–18" (35-45 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun–Part Shade USDA zone: 10-11 AHS zone: 12-9

Germination Stage 3/4 Temperature

Day: 74–76 °F (23–24 °C) Night: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Average daily temperature: 70–72 °F (21–22 °C) Lighting

Mezmerize ™ Lime Green

Light intensity: 500–1000 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day extension lighting: Not necessary Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media: pH 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, Press/Squeeze Method EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizers: 125–175 ppm N Moisture level: After radical emergence, alternate media between wet (level 4) and moist (level 3). 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few ... drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of . the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with . a visible bend in the middle.

Scheduling

Pinching: Optional Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Generally should not be required. Florel ® sprays can be used to substitute at rates of 300–500 ppm or B-Nine ® WSG sprays can be used to reduce stem elongation with rates of 1,500–2,500 ppm. Plug grow time: 5-6 weeks Tech tip: Coleus is sensitive to high salt levels and high ammonium levels. Use primarily Cal-Mag ® Plus (calcium nitrate + magnesium nitrate) fertilizers in propagation to prevent unwanted stretch. Transplant to Finish Temperature

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

Large Packs

4–5 weeks

1 ppp

1 Pint (4 inch)

4–5 weeks

1 ppp

1 Quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

4–5 weeks

1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 Quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon)

6–7 weeks

1-2 ppp

2.5 to 6.0 gallon planter (12 to 14 inch)

Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Lighting

10–11 weeks

3-5 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray with 1 seedling per cell and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 69 °F (20.5 °C).

Day extension lighting: Not necessary Light intensity: 1,200–1,600 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1

Example crop schedule for a 1.25-2.5 quart pot

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 5.9–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: 125-175 ppm N Pinching: Optional, 7–10 days after transplant. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Growth regulators are not generally required. Sprays of B-Nine WSG ® at 2,500-5,000 ppm or Florel ® at 300 ppm can be utilized to control growth and provide an alternative to a manual pinch. A Bonzi ® drench can also be utilized starting at 0.5–2.0 ppm with various environmental factors taken in to account. Chocolate Lime and Lime Green are more vigorous than others and may require an application of a growth regulator. Tech tip: Mezmerize coleus are selected for heat tolerance, late flowering, and excellent branching. Although not necessary, growing under long days (14 hours or above) will delay flowering and improve plant build and foliage quality. Low light levels with warm temperatures will promote stretching. Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common diseases: Botrytis , Alternaria, powdery mildew Common pests: Aphids, whiteflies

DESCRIPTION

Evaluate plants for growth control and apply B-Nine WSG ® spray at rates of 2,500–5,000 ppm or Florel ® at 300 ppm. Evaluate plants for growth control and apply Bonzi ® drench if needed to maintain habit and growth.

2 weeks

5 weeks

7 weeks

Finish

Mezmerize ™ Chocolate Rose

Penny ™ Pro Blue Marina

Viola Penny ™ Pro Culture Guide Viola cornuta Product form: Seed Containers: Packs, Pints, Quarts, Gallons, Hanging Baskets Habit: Mounded Garden Specifications Garden height: 4–6” (10–15 cm) tall Garden width: 4–6” (10–15 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun USDA zone: 4 AHS zone: 9–1 Product uses: Packs, Containers, Hanging Baskets, Landscapes

Seed Germination

Germination Time: 5 days Media temp: 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Required for germination Seed cover: Yes

Moisture level: 5 - SATURATED: Soil is dark brown and shiny, free water is present at the surface of the soil, water drips freely from the bottom of the tray, and trays

are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Recommended tray size: 288-cell tray Seeds per cell: 1 Seed Young Plant Production Temperature Day: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 67 °F (19.5 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 500–700 µmol·m -2 ·s -1

Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, Squeeze or Press Method: 1.4-2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: 50–75 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Pinching: No Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,250 to 2,500 ppm if hypocotyl stretch is observed, or if environmental conditions are such that hypocotyl stretch is likely. Apply at the 1- to 2-leaf stage. Plug grow time: 4-5 weeks in a 288-cell tray

Penny ™ Pro Deep Blue, Yellow, and Orange

Finishing

Common pests: Aphids, Thrips Common diseases: Alternaria , Downy mildew, Thielaviopsis , Cercospora , Botrytis

Temperature Day: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 65 °F (18.5 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Scheduling

SIZE

CROP TIME PLANTS PER POT

Packs

4–5 weeks 5–6 weeks

1 ppp

Large Packs

1–2 ppp

Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Pinching: No. Pinching is not recommended or needed. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Usually not required if growing cool. If conditions are warmer or darker than ideal, spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm. Tech tip: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Also, if very frequent irrigation occurs due to high temperatures, apply a supplemental feed of Solubor ® or borax to avoid boron deficiency. Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle.

1.0 pint (4 inch)

5–6 weeks

1–2 ppp

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

5–6 weeks

1–2 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 1.5 gallon hanging basket ( 10 inch basket)

6–7 weeks

3 ppp

7–9 weeks

5–7 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 65 °F (18.5 °C).

Example crop schedule for a pack WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT DESCRIPTION 1 week Drench with preventive fungicide

Spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm, if needed

2 weeks

5 weeks

Finish

Penny ™ Pro Red, Yellow with Blotch, and Pink with Face

All photos are either the property of Syngenta or are used with permission.

These materials are being distributed to you for information purposes only and for your private use. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information and formulas, no guarantee is given or responsibility taken by Syngenta for the accuracy of the materials or the applicability to your particular circumstances. Reliance upon this information is at user’s sole risk and Syngenta expressly disclaims any and all liability in connection with this advice. © 2024 Syngenta. Important: Always read and follow label instructions. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your local Extension Service to ensure registration status. Some or all of the varieties may be protected under one or more of the following: Plant Variety Protection, United States Plant Patents and/or Utility Patents and may not be propagated or reproduced without authorization. Trademarks are the property of their respective owners..

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