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Bridging the GAPs: Approaches to Treating Water On Farms

Preventing foodborne illness and the protection of public health is objective 7.1 of the US Department of Agriculture 2018-2022 Strategic Plan. A multi-state, interdisciplinary team of public and private sector experts partnered to create this curriculum about approaches to treating water on farms to help producers with compliance.

Attribution		2
Table of Contents		3
Bridging the GAPs: Approaches to Treating Water On Farms		4
About Us		5
FSMA and Agricultural Water Treatment		8
FSMA Definition and Requirements of Agricultural Water		8
Overview of Agricultural Water Treatment		11
Agricultural Water Treatment Tools		16
Commercially Available Agriculture Water Treatment Technologies		16
Antimicrobial Pesticide Products – Chlorination		17
Antimicrobial Pesticide Products – Chlorine Dioxide		25
Antimicrobial Pesticide Products – Peroxyacetic Acid/Peracetic Acid		25
Antimicrobial Devices – Ultraviolet light		26
Antimicrobial Devices – Ozone		28
Developing On-Farm Agricultural Water Treatment Programs		31
Importance of SOPs		32
Critical Limits		32
Monitoring		34
Corrective Actions		36
Validation and Verification		38
Recordkeeping		42
Implementing Agricultural Water Treatments on the Farm		45
Calcium hypochlorite chlorinator		45
Liquid injection: hypochlorite or peroxyacetic acid		47
Water (hydraulic) powered systems		47
Electric powered systems		52
Ultraviolet light		55
Chemical injection versus treatment with a pesticide device		57
Antimicrobial Activity		57
EPA Approval		57
Implementation		57
Interaction with Other Compounds		57
Multi-hurdle approach		58
Monitoring		58
Water testing		60
Corrective actions		60
Summary		61

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