Abstract: This study examines the technical, professional, legal, security and health- related challenges posed by the use of artificial intelligence in the practice of investigative journalism across its various stages. It explores problematic issues that prompt a rethinking of the human role in investigative work, and the adoption of new models of collaborative journalism that rely on the integration of technical expertise with journalistic skills across different domains. Through a comparative methodology, the study analyses both Arab and international experiences in deploying AI technologies, offering a critical perspective on these cases and a forward-looking assessment of the opportunities and challenges that such technologies may bring to investigative journalism in the medium and long term. Despite the progress made in collaborative journalism initiatives, the study argues that there is a pressing need to develop a detailed roadmap of the challenges associated with incorporating emerging technologies into investigative journalism. At present, there is no clear vision for how journalists might engage in networked, collaborative investigative work while maintaining the institutional integrity of the media organisations to which they belong. The study also finds that users often lack awareness of the potential differences in quality and credibility between journalistic content produced by humans and that generated by AI tools. A comparison of Arab and international experiences reveals that Arab efforts remain largely confined to the use of AI in news production, while its application in investigative journalism remains limited. Keywords : Artificial Intelligence, Investigative Journalism, Opportunities, Challenges, Comparative Approach.
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