IPA Inter-Regional Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychoanalysis

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representation, seek discharge through action. If this ‘action’ model prevails, Brunet, together with Green (2002) speaks of the erogenous fixations under the assault of destructiveness, adversely affecting relations between ego and objects. In her book “Pulsión en la obra de Green” (The drive in Green’s works) Brunet offers a synthesis of her previous two papers. She arrives at a similar perspective as Green regarding the value of the concept of the drive as the matrix of the subject. The object reveals the drive, which is activated by the object’s absence. VI. Gb. Marcela Fuente Marcela Fuentes (2019), in “The theory of the death drive in Klein” [ “Teoría de la pulsión de muerte en Klein”] takes as a starting point Money-Kyrle’s (1955) view that the ‘ultimate truth’ of psychoanalysis is probably an infinite complexity; one can only draw closer to the truth through an infinite series of approximations. In this vein, she describes how Klein thought both love and hate – the manifestations of the life and death instincts – would be innate, immediately adhering to the object itself. Therefore, the two drives find an object to bind immediately after birth. Freud, on the other hand, contended that in relation to object, hate preceded love, pursuant to his hypothesis of a primary narcissism. Fuentes sees also complexity and contradictions within the Kleinian thought and forges her own extension of both – Klein and Freud. The Kleinian theorization above would contradict another one where breastfeeding becomes the paradigm of every love bond (Klein 1963). Finding the object is in fact a re-encounter. The oral drive component finds satisfaction becoming attached to the wish to be fed, its object being the maternal breast; only later the oral drive component detaches from this wish and finds the object in its own body through autoerotism (Freud 1922). To Freud’s primary impulse to seek death, she adds that there would also be a primary impulse to fear and avoid that death. According to Fuentes’ reading of Klein, the aggressive drive is constitutionally determined; then the primitive cruel Superego would be the retaliation from the internalized parental object to the aggression coming from the baby. The Ego depends on environmental factors, especially the attitude of the mother towards the baby. The relation with the good object is at the core of the Ego, from which it expands and develops. If this Ego construction is achieved, it is more likely to be able to contain anxiety and preserve life, by binding little portions of the destructive object relations with the libidinal bonds. Fuentes theorizes from extended Kleinian perspective , that feeling love and hate towards the object or towards oneself, derived from life and death drives, would have previously suffered a transformation because they would be under the control of the Ego. In this extended context, Klein’s theory is presented as bimodal, a simultaneously drive and object relations theory. Anxiety, caused by the struggle between both drives, would take form of the battle over the annihilation of life – a problem for the Ego to deal with. Fuentes postulates that if a death drive exists, we can also assume that in the deeper layers of the mind, there is a response to that drive. Therefore, the baby is born with a fear of annihilation that emerges from

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