IPA Inter-Regional Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychoanalysis

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In “En torno a los conceptos de envidia primaria y pulsión de muerte” (On the concepts of primary envy and the death drive) she revises the concept of the death drive by developing aspects of Melanie Klein’s theory, in combination with various post-Kleinian and French authors. Specifically, she explores the concepts of the death drive, primary envy, and the relationship between the death drive and envy. In “El par pulsión objeto. Homenaje a Green” (The instinct-object couple. A tribute to André Green) she explores how Green discusses Freud’s interpretation of the death drive, especially the limited space Freud granted to the role of the object in the structuring process of the psyche. Brunet notes that, in the structural model of 1923, Freud locates the drives of love, life and death in the Id, without any presentations or content. The inclusion of the destructive drives within the psychic apparatus suggests that there is something that never reaches the condition of the symbolic organization of the unconscious presentation. In its crude form, instinctual impulses which escaped transformation into symbolic presentation and representation, seek discharge through action. If this ‘action’ model prevails, Brunet, together with Green (2002) speaks of the erogenous fixations under the assault of destructiveness, adversely affecting relations between ego and objects. In her book “Pulsión en la obra de Green” (The drive in Green’s works) Brunet offers a synthesis of her previous two papers. She arrives at a similar perspective as Green regarding the value of the concept of the drive as the matrix of the subject. The object reveals the drive, which is activated by the object’s absence. VI. Gb. Marcela Fuente Marcela Fuentes (2019), in “The theory of the death drive in Klein” [ “Teoría de la pulsión de muerte en Klein”] takes as a starting point Money-Kyrle’s (1955) view that the ‘ultimate truth’ of psychoanalysis is probably an infinite complexity; one can only draw closer to the truth through an infinite series of approximations. In this vein, she describes how Klein thought both love and hate – the manifestations of the life and death instincts – would be innate, immediately adhering to the object itself. Therefore, the two drives find an object to bind immediately after birth. Freud, on the other hand, contended that in relation to object, hate preceded love, pursuant to his hypothesis of a primary narcissism. Fuentes sees also complexity and contradictions within the Kleinian thought and forges her own extension of both – Klein and Freud. The Kleinian theorization above would contradict another one where breastfeeding becomes the paradigm of every love bond (Klein 1963). Finding the object is in fact a re-encounter. The oral drive component finds satisfaction becoming attached to the wish to be fed, its object being the maternal breast; only later the oral drive component detaches from this wish and finds the object in its own body through autoerotism (Freud 1922). To Freud’s primary impulse to seek death, she adds that there would also be a primary impulse to fear and avoid that death. According to Fuentes’ reading of Klein,

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