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Within these quotations, one can discern one of the sources of later developments in contemporary psychoanalysis, regarding the attitude of the analyst. For example, Bion's well- known statement: 'no memory, no desire', finds its roots in Freud's ideas expressed here. In “On Psychoanalysis”, Freud (1913b) described how the transition to the free association technique led to the development of a special technique of interpretation. In 1914, in “Remembering, Repeating and Working Through”, Freud 1914) exemplifies the use of free association as the fundamental rule (an indispensable methodological tool throughout the whole analytic process): in identifying resistances against remembering, facilitating a more effective way of interpreting the transferential repetitions, bringing the transferential repetitions into the ‘psychic field’, and in the phase of working through (giving up the ‘neurosis’: the symptomatology, self-destructive attitudes, and ‘acting out’ behaviors). Freud makes an important point: “…giving the resistance a name could not result in its immediate cessation. One must allow the patient time to become more conversant with this resistance with which he has now become acquainted, to work through it, to overcome it, by continuing, in defiance of it, the analytic work according to the fundamental rule of analysis.” (Freud 1914, p. 155). Freud’s early recognition that resistances to free association would inevitably develop became the basis of his later understanding of the need for working through. “This working through of the resistances may in practice turn out to be an arduous task for the subject of the analysis and a trial of patience for the analyst . Nevertheless, it is a part of the work which effects the greatest changes in the patient and which distinguishes analytic treatment from any kind of treatment by suggestion” (Freud, 1914, p. 155). Throughout the “Papers on Technique’ (Freud 1912-1915), the theoretical and technical shift from the fundamental rule to be employed for the purpose of retrieving repressed pathogenic memories towards ‘listening to’ the wishes behind the interruption of the associative flow, which are enacted instead in transference, is first implicit. It becomes most explicit in his later paper, "Observations on Transference-Love" ( Freud 1915), where the fundamental principle of treatment requires a simultaneous activation and experiencing of repressed infantile libidinal wishes and a reflective acknowledgement of their significance. The fundamental rule is employed to encompass both by way of working through . Here, the clinical success with working through resistance (to free associations) lies in eliciting aspects of the infantile personality. Two years later, in “Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis”, (1916-17) when referring to the analysis of dreams, Freud summarizes all the same ‘inviolable rule’ of instructing the patient that “…he must not hold back any idea from us, even if it gives rise to one of the four objections—of being too unimportant or too senseless or of being irrelevant or too distressing to be reported (1916-17, p. 115; Italics added).
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