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could not put certain dream experiences into words, she puts forth a technical proposal regarding the role of drawing in free association. Brakel explains how, at the outset, the instructions to communicate whatever comes to mind would include the possibility of pictorial as well as verbal report. With a notepad and pencils on the side table by the couch, the patient might decide at any point to illustrate an image, perhaps one he or she is having trouble describing. Additionally, the analyst might at particular points have the patient draw, analogically as he/she might ask for a patient's verbal associations to a specific dream element, slip of the tongue, symptomatic aspect, or portion of a fantasy. Following any pictorial renderings, the analyst might also ask for verbal associations to the request to draw, to the act of drawing itself, and to the drawings produced were these not spontaneously forthcoming. Writing on the subject of translational aspects of interpretation, Eva Papiasvili (2016) expands further the free associative ‘communicative-experiential field’. She writes: “Gesture with any part of patient’s body, silence or a frown, a tick, a tear, a verbal ‘shut up!’ is as much a free association as ‘yeah, and moreover, this tone of yours brings to mind…when I was 8 years old.’ The patient and the analyst take turns, associating, reflecting, and interpreting. There is a primary process quality to this type of understanding of free associations: There are no minuses, no subtractions. …This opens the multi-translational associative metaphoric spiral of psychoanalytic communication, as an ‘open work in motion’…” (p.93, original italics). This view echoes and expands previous statement of Jane Hall (2008): “In my practice, both parties associate. A patient’s productions often kick off an idea that comes to me…I consider everything a patient says a free association “(ibid, p.859). Ultimately, for all the above authors, the aim of the conceptual expansion is attainment of verbally consolidated affective insight, even for patients of ‘a wider scope’. III. Ac. Free Association as a Core Structural Element of the Psychoanalytic Situation Eliot Adler and Janet Bachant (1996) present the contemporary Modern Conflict Theory view of the psychoanalytic situation as an “extraordinary interpersonal arrangement anchored by two …complimentary ways of relating: free association and analytic neutrality” (Adler and Bachant, 1996, p. 1021). In this way, the patient’s role is organized around expressive freedom while the analyst’s role is structured to empower listening and understanding. The authors stress the synergic effects of these complimentary attitudes and activities in destabilizing neurotic equilibrium. Taking in account the evolution of classical technical tradition itself (Bachant, Lynch and Richards 1995), in view of changing conceptions of transference (Gill 1982), enactment (Jacobs 1986, Boesky 1982, Chused 1991, McLaughlin 1987, 1991), neutrality (Greenberg 1991, Levine, 1993, Pine 1993), and disclosure (Aron 1995, Jacobs 1995, Renik 1995), the authors highlight how the radical nature of the two fundamental structural pillars of the psychoanalytic situation - free association and analytic neutrality - create an extraordinary therapeutic interaction, “providing stability in the wake of the regressive and progressive currents of the psychoanalytic process” (ditto, p. 1023).
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