IPA Inter-Regional Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychoanalysis

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developmental process model opens the possibility for the transformation of representations as the dyad continues to negotiate patterns of relatedness. The Boston Change Process Study Group, led by Daniel N. Stern (Stern, Sander, Nahum., Harrison et al. 1998) contributed another important model of psychoanalytic treatment based on observations from mother-infant studies, other developmental data and non-linear systems theory. Here, the findings indicate that nonverbal procedural elements of the dyadic clinical process . Can play larger role in effecting therapeutic change than the verbal interpretation. II. Ebd. Field dimension of Contemporary Freudian Thought, Modern Conflict Theory and ‘Intersubjective Ego Psychology’ II. Ebda. Concept in Transition: From ‘Psychoanalytic Situation’ to ‘Psychic Field’ and Enactments Hans Loewald ’s central thesis of revision of Freud’s drive theory offered another field- related concept. He stated, Instincts, understood as psychic and motivational forces become organized as such through interactions within a psychic field, consisting originally of the mother-child (psychic) unit” (Loewald, 1971, p. 118). He was acknowledged by Stephen Mitchell (one of the founders of Relational Theory) for “shifting the locus of experience, the point of origination, from the individual to the field within which the individual comes into consciousness. … In the beginning, Loewald says over and over again… in the beginning is the field in which all individuals are embedded” (2000 p. 35). Previously, Leo Stone developed a rudimentary field-related metapsychology of psychoanalytic situation (1961,1967, 1975) and his own field-related thinking on the beginning of psychic life, through “… the mutuality of organization, in the sense of organizing each other, which constitutes inextricable interrelatedness’of ‘inner and outer w’rld’…” (1960, p. 23). Loewald extended Stone’s thinking and wrote, “Psychoanalysis as an Art and the Fantasy Character of the Psychoanalytic Situation” (1975), where patient and analyst are engaged with each other, co-creating illusion within transference neurosis, both co-authors in dramatic re- enactments of the patient’s life story (pp. 278-279). There is a direct line from Loewald’s dramatic re-enactments by both the patient and the analyst within the illusory transference neurosis of the psychoanalytic situation to the pioneering work of Theodore Jacobs (1986, 1991) who sees enactment as derived from countertransference. In his seminal paper, Jacobs (1986) introduces the term ‘countertransference enactment’ when referring to subtle acting-outs on the part of the analyst, whose origin may be found in the impact of the pat’ent’s transferences on the ana’yst’s mind. The starting point is that enactment is defined from the ana’yst’s experience, within the relational field she or he establishes with the patient.

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