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the other hand, a psychic work of transformation, of qualitative and symbolic transposition. In his survey of processes, Freud underlines some essential mechanisms, effected by the dream- work of censorhip, like, displacement, condensation, overdetermination, figurability (figurative representation), etc. (1900, 1911b). II. Aab. Symbol, Symbolic and Symbolization in Freud’s terminology and in language (Latin American Perspective) Sensitive to language, Latin American analysts observe that throughout Freud’s opus, the term ‘symbolization’ (Germ.orig. ‘Symbolisierung’) appears relatively less frequently than the terms ‘symbol’ (SYMBOL) and symbolism (SYMBOLIK). Accordingly, the term “symbolization” does not appear as such in the Language of Psychoanalysis of Freud’s terminology by Laplanche and Pontalis 1967/1973/2007), which only includes that of “symbolism” (Germ. “Symbolik”). ‘Symbol’ and the adjective ‘symbolic’ appear frequently in “The Interpretation of Dreams”. According to Freud, the symbol is inherited. Sometimes, the symbol and what is symbolized at an unconscious level could be the same, in other occasions, different symbols can have a single meaning (e.g., a banana, an obelisk, or a tie could symbolize a penis). The ensemble of symbols is what constitutes the symbolic. (Here, Latin American terminology and conceptualization is in line with the French usage of ‘the’ rendering the adjective more substance of its own.) Freud uses the word “symbolization”in the following quote from the “Interpretation of Dreams”: In the case of symbolic dream interpretation, the key to the symbolization (der Schlüssel der Symbolisierung) is arbitrarily chosen by the interpreter, whereas in our cases of verbal disguise, the keys are generally known and laid down by firmly established linguistic usage. If one has the right idea at one's disposal at the right moment, one can solve dreams of this kind wholly or in part, even independently of information of the dreamer (Freud 1900, p. 341-342 Vol 5). Often, Freud used his own psyche (insights into which he aquired during his self- analysis during 1895-1899) to decipher or interpret the patient's symbolizations in order to reach the unconscious. In this same text, he describes thoroughly the psychic mechanisms involved in dream work, which are shared with those implied in the symbolization process: condensation, displacement, and figurative representation (figurability). However, while symbols are used in dreams, the dream work is not a symbolic creation itself; the symbols used in dreams come from what is inherited. Later in life, in “Moses and Monotheism”, Freud writes: There is… the universality of symbolism in language. The symbolic representation of one object by another –the same thing applies to actions– is familiar to all our children
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