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Villareal’s second contribution is located in a terrain of intersection between the theory, clinical work, technique, the theory of technique, and the teaching role of the supervising psychoanalyst. In addition to its clinical importance, Villarreal’s Construction concept is essential in the supervisory process with candidates. The supervising analyst’s symbolizing function is offered to the supervising-supervised couple, favouring the gradual co-construction of the patient in the analyst’s mind.
V. C. Proposal of the Synthetic Multi-Theoretical Model of Symbolization
V. Ca. Theoretical Considerations Multiplicity of concepts and theories, coming together in Latin American multi- theorietical formulation of Symbolization includes complementary as well as contradictory lines of conceptualization. V. Caa. Conceptual Considerations Freud rarely used the term ‘symbolization’ and always referred to the symbol or the symbolic, without establishing a conceptual difference between these terms. The use of the term symbolization was more of a stylistic ressource, which did not imply a conceptual difference. In psychoanalytic literature, the prevailing use of the term symbol continued to be used without clearly distinguishing it from the term symbolization. To Freud, the origin of the symbol, of the symbolic, was mainly inherited. Klein, on the other hand, bases the symbol formation on projective-introjective processes: once the bad is projected onto an object that becomes persecutory, it must be displaced from this object to another. For her, this displacement is the essence of symbol creation. Consequently, the hatred projected on the object – originated in the death drive – is the pillar of symbolization according to Klein. Based on Klein, Segal contributed to the understanding of symbolization with the concept of symbolic equation : the object does not represent the object; the object is the object. This psychic phenomenon is observed when there are failures in the symbolization process. Among Bion' s multiple contributions that have served as a basis for understanding symbolization, his theory regarding the transforming of beta elements into alpha elements, within the early mother-baby relationships, is of great significance. This theory was later used by Ruggero Levy in his descriptions of early symbolization failures (non-symbols) and the destruction of already constructed symbols (de-symbolization). Winnicott extensively worked on nodal concepts useful to understand successful symbolization processes, the most important being his conceptualization of transitional space. This is a crucial contribution to the subsequent developments of Green and Roussillon.
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