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III. C. EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
III. Ca. Antonino Ferro Antonino Ferro developed the idea of “transformations in dreams”, to describe the analyst’s attitude to receive the patient’s communications as if it were the narration of a dream; this attitude allows the analyst to make the patient’s communication less concrete, i.e., ‘to deconcretize’ it. These transformations in dreams become the “vertex” organizer of the field (see entries INTERSUBJECTIVITY, COUNTERTRANSFERENCE, PSYCHOANALYTIC FIELD THEORIES AND CONCEPTS) and produce “characters” which generate narrative derivatives that transform the analyst-patient relationship. Therefore, session after session analyst and patient change their mutual positioning and the activity of deconstruction or ‘de-concretization’ of the manifest text opens it up to as many levels of interpretation as possible as well as to intercepting a wide polysemy of meanings in the patient’s telling. “By combining Bion’s concept of waking dream thought with those of the field and of the characters of the session, we arrive at a space-time in which maelstroms of β- elements are transformed by the field’s ‘α-function’ into oneiric thoughts of the field. We work on these with narrative transformations (which are not decoded, but in which transformation takes place through the encouragement of narration), in addition to the classical transformations described by Bion (1965) — rigid-motion transformations, projective transoformations, and transformations in hallucinosis — and transformation in dreaming as postulated by myself.” (Ferro 2009, p. 219) III. Cb. Fernando Riolo Riolo (2007) considers the different types of Bionian transformation as the forms assumed by the relations between the non-psychotic and psychotic parts of the personality— that is, between, on the one hand, the part which, being capable of tolerating conflict and frustration, and, on the other, the part—characterized by omnipotence, hate, envy, greed, rivalry—that is unable to tolerate the absence of satisfaction and the existence of objects independent of the self, so that it has to construct an internal and external reality directed towards the evacuation of frustration, the experience of self and the knowledge of self. In Riolo’s view (2007), the fate of meaning lies between these two processes: together with affect and representation meaning may be recognized, repressed, projected, denied or expelled. Riolo concludes that analysis, in its specific co-operational sense, becomes a system of transformations whereby unconscious somatopsychic processes—whether or not repressed— acquire the conditions for representability and become capable of translation into thoughts and meanings. That is in fact what analytic transformation consists of: what was originally a drive-
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