Rome, the Antagonist of the Nation 123 miah apply : ‘Lo, I have set thee this day over the nations and over the kingdoms, to root up and pull down and to waste and to destroy ; and to build and to plant.’ 12. When the temporal power goes astray it is judged by the spiritual. 13. For ob taining eternal happiness, each one is required to submit to the pope. 14. The supremacy of the pope even in temporal things is to be enforced. 15. The pope recognizes human authorities in their proper place, till they lift their will against God.” The Holy Roman Empire reached its climax in 1164 when Hadrian IV trod on the neck of Frederick of Barbarossa, and went out of commission in 1806, when Napoleon Bonaparte compelled Joseph II to abdicate. When Victor Immanuel II entered Rome in 1870 and made the Quirinal the capital of United Italy, the pope called himself “the Prisoner of the Vatican” and issued one of the most shocking excommunica tions against the conqueror: “By the authority of the Al mighty God, the Father, Son and Holy Ghost; and of the holy canons and of the undefiled Virgin Mary, mother and nurse of our Saviour, and of the celestial virtues, angels, arch angels, thrones, dominions, powers, cherubim and seraphim ; and of all the holy patriarchs and prophets, and of the apostles and evangelists, and of the holy innocents, who, in the sight of the Holy Lamb, are found worthy to sing the new song; and of the holy martyrs and holy confessors, and of the holy vir gins and of the saints, together with all the holy and elect of God; we excommunicate and anathematize him, and from the threshold of the holy church of God Almighty, we sequester him, that he may be tormented in eternal excruciating suffer ings, together with Dathan and Abiram and those who say to the Lord God, ‘Depart from us, we desire none of Thy ways !’ And as fire is quenched by water, so let the light of him be put out forever more. May Father, Son and Holy Ghost curse him. May he be damned wherever he may be ; whether in the bouse or in the field, whether in the highway or in the byway,
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