be flexible in their interpretations of the relevant actors, and to consider the recommendations addressed to their level of geographic involvement. Local EMS agencies / authorities comprise a large variety of actors including types of EMS agencies, various levels of providers and managers, and local healthcare stakeholders. These include, but are not limited to:
The term national associations could include, but is not limited to, organizations or associations repre- senting the following stakeholders at the national level: • Large EMS agencies or any of their leaders or providers • Credentialing bodies • Advocacy groups • Advisory groups • Non-governmental organizations • Payers • Other national-level associations outside of the EMS industry engaged in: o Health care While we recognize Congress and federal agencies have an important role to play in promoting EMS innovation, this document focuses its recommen- dations on what the above actors can achieve inde- pendent of federal action. We encourage the reader to apply these recommen- dations to the relevant actors in their communi- ties with the ability to achieve the desired results, rather than feel constrained by our word choice of ‘authorities’ or ‘agencies.’ Also, please note that in this document, we define the term ‘regional’ to be a larger area than the local communities (hospital catchment area, neighboring counties, etc.), but smaller than a state. DESIGNING SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION The business community defines innovation as “the process of translating an idea or invention into a good or service that creates value for which customers will pay.” 9 An important takeaway from this is that innovation is not simply having a new idea; the idea is only the beginning. There are plenty of good ideas, but it takes perseverance and o Public health o Public safety
• Commercial EMS agencies • Fire departments • Volunteer EMS • Hospital-based EMS • Individual EMS providers • Labor groups • EMS administrators • Regional EMS committees • Education/training programs o Academic institutions
o Government sponsored training programs o EMS educators
• Physicians & medical directors • Allied health providers • Local hospitals and health systems • Payers (large self-insured employers) • Local public health resources
The term state authorities could include, but is not limited to, the following stakeholders:
• State legislators • Departments of Health • State Offices of EMS • Offices of Education and accreditation bodies • State EMS Directors • State EMS Medical Directors • State EMS Councils • State EMS Associations • Labor groups • Insurance regulators • State Medicaid committees
9 Business Dictionary. Accessed April 13,2015. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/innovation.html
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CHAPTER 1
MOUNT SINAI HEALTH SYSTEM | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
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