Applications
Examples
Reverse Osmosis
1. ORP: Used to monitor de-chlorination. Manufacturers of membranes require chlorine levels to be less than 0.5 ppm. 2. pH: Membrane technology allows a wider window for processing water at low pH levels. Many end users adjust pH on the front end of the RO process to reduce the amount of pH adjustment after the process is complete. ,QÁXHQWSUHVVXUH Pressure to the membrane vessels must be maintained at a proper level to process the water through the membranes ,QÁXHQW7HPSHUDWXUH Water temperature has a direct effect on rejection rate of the membrane. Lower temperatures reduce the ability of the membrane to reject minerals. Increased pressure is usually required to maintain product water levels. ,QÁXHQWÁRZ Monitors the total amount of water being processed through the membrane to track maintenance scheduled for backwash and cleaning 6. Conductivity/TDS (membrane industry usually measure water quality in TDS) Measuring the feed water TDS level and comparing it to the permeate TDS level allows the allow the operator to monitor the amount of mineral rejection the membrane. Rejection rate is an indicator of the PHPEUDQHVHIÀFLHQF\ 3HUPHDWHÁRZ 0RQLWRUVWKHDPRXQWRISHUPHDWHZDWHUIURPWKHÀUVWVWDJHLQDGRXEOH52V\VWHPRUWKHDPRXQWRIZDWHUIRUWKHÀQDOSURFHVV &RQFHQWUDWHÁRZ Tracks the amount of concentrate or brackish water being sent to drain. 9. Concentrate TDS: Monitors the TDS levels being sent to drain
Chemical Manufacturing
1. Conductivity: 'LOXWLRQZLWK52RU',ZDWHUUHGXFHVWKHFRQFHQWUDWLRQOHYHOVRIFKHPLFDOVEHIRUHEHLQJPL[HGLQWKHÀQLVKHGSURGXFWWDQN 2. Flow sensors: 7XUELQHW\SHÁRZPHWHUVRIIHUDGGLWLRQDODFFXUDF\RYHUSDGGOHZKHHOV\VWHPVGXULQJFKHPLFDOGLOXWLRQ 3. pH: )LQDOS+DGMXVWPHQWDFFRUGLQJWRWKHÀQDOSURGXFWUHTXLUHPHQW 4. Temperature: 6RPHFKHPLFDOUHDFWLRQVUHTXLUHWHPSHUDWXUHVWREHFRQWUROOHGDWDVSHFLÀFOHYHOIRUSURSHUFDWDO\VWPL[LQJ 5. Pressure: Some processes require pressure control for proper catalyst mixing 6. Flow sensors: Discharge to drain after proper waste treatment keeps accurate records for local treatment plants.
1300 PIPING (1300 747 464) PAAS Source Book 171
V 5.1
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