Ritam grada Rhythm of the city
Grocka je od centra Beograda udaljena svega 25 kilometara, a sa razlogom je u savremeno doba zovu „srpska Kalifornija“, „zelena“ i „voćna“
Grocka is located just 25 kilometres from Belgrade city centre, and in modern times it is rightfully dubbed the “Serbian California”, “green” and “fruitful”
Grocka kakvu ne poznajemo Grožđe, zraci sunca i Dunav Stara varoš iz 16. veka koja se kao slovenski Gardec prvi put u spisima pominje još 878. godine, kada i Singidunum, krije brojne tajne, a neke od njih su malo poznate i samim meštanima
The Grocka that we don’t know Grapes, sun rays and the Danube This old market town that dates back to the 16 th century, but was first mentioned as the Slavic town of Gardec as far back as the year 878, when Singidunum was also first mentioned, holds numerous hidden secrets, some of which aren’t even well known among locals
Kao naselje Grocka se pominje u 9. veku pod slovenskim imenom Gar- dec, da bi prema turskim popisima s početka 16. veka bila upisana kao varošica. Kroz burnu istoriju značaj Grocke raste tokom 18. veka, da bi početkom 19. veka doživela procvat. Tome najviše doprinosi porodica Ga- rašanin, a ime čuvenog Gročanina i državnika Ilije Garašanina nose ško- la i biblioteka u Grockoj. O razvoju varošice danas svedo- či i sačuvana reprezentativna arhi- tektura. Njeno urbanističko i arhi- tektonsko nasleđe, materijalni dokaz istorijskog razvoja varošice, zaštitio je sedamdesetih godina 20. veka Za- vod za zaštitu spomenika kulture gra- da Beograda. Grocka je od 1955. godi- ne jedna od 17 beogradskih opština, a jedna od malo poznatih teritorijal- nih zanimljivosti je i to da se polo- vina današnjeg Beograda nalazi na nekadašnjoj teritoriji Grocke, jer se grad u 20. veku širio na račun gro- čanskih voćnjaka i njiva. Ada Singa
Gročanska ada, duga tri i široka pola kilometra, jedno je od najvećih pošumljenih područja grada Beo- grada i ujedno jedna od najvećih rečnih ada. Danas je omiljeno mirno mesto za pecanje brojnih sportskih ri- bolovaca, alasa i nautičara Grocke i okoline.
Grocka je čuveni voćarski i vinogra- darski kraj pored Dunava , ali i vekovima oso- bena varošica nadomak velikog grada. Otud je Groc- ka danas beogradska opština koja se ističe po značaju svojih kulturnih dobara i očuvanom urbanističkom i arhitektonskom nasleđu iz 18. i 19. veka. Arhitekton- ski oblici, urbanistički koncept i pojedinačni objekti na- rodnog graditeljstva materijalni su dokaz istorijskog razvoja varošice, koji verodostojno svedoče o životu jednog društva i epohe. Tragovi naseobina na teritoriji današnje opštine Grocka datiraju još s početka neolita (mlađeg kame- nog doba), od kojih je najpoznatije arheološko nalazi- šte Belo brdo u Vinči, epicentar vinčanske kulture, a Grocka se navodi i kao jedan od nekada važnih rimskih punktova na Dunavu, pod nazivom Ad sextum milliare.
Grocka is renowned as an area of fruit orchardsandwinegrowingbesidetheDan- ube , but it has also been known for centuries as a dis- tinctive small town on the outskirts of the big city. That’s why Grocka is today a Belgrade municipality that sets itself apart due to the importance of its cultural assets and its preserved urban and architectural heritage dat- ing back to the 18 th and 19 th centuries. Its architectural forms, urbanisation concept and individual folk architec- ture structures serve as material evidence of the histor- ical development of the town, which provides a credible testimony to the life of a society and epoch. Traces of settlements on the territory of today’s mu- nicipality of Grocka date back to the early Neolithic pe- riod (or New Stone Age), with the most famous being the Belo Brdo [White Hill] archaeological site in Vinča, representing the epicentre of the neolithic Vinča culture, while Grocka is also mentioned as being one of the im- portant stops on the Danube during Roman times, under the name Ad Sextum Milliare. As a settlement, Grocka was mentioned in 9 th century records under the Slav-
ic name Gardec, only to be registered as a small market town in the Ottoman censuses of the early 16 th century. Through a turbulent history, Grocka’s importance grew during the 18 th century, only for it to experience its flour- ishing in the early 19 th century. The greatest contribution to this expansion was provided by the Garašanin family, and today a Grocka school and library bear the name of Ilija Garašanin, a famous Grocka native and statesman. Also testifying to the development of the town to- day are its examples of representative architecture. The town’s urban and architectural heritage, representing ma- terial evidence of its historical development, was pro- tected in the 1970s by the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade. Groc- ka has been among Belgrade’s 17 municipalities since 1955, and one little-known interesting fact is that half of the territory of today’s Belgrade lies on former Groc- ka land, as the city’s 20 th century expansion came at the expense of Grocka’s orchards and fields.
Gročanska teritorija pruža se duž starog dunavskog i rimskog puta, a potom Carigradskog druma The territory of Grocka extends along the old Danube and Roman roads, and then along the Constantinople road
Tekst/Words: Zorica Atić Fotografije/Photography:
Zorica Atić, Igor Mandić, Mića Nikolić, Snežana Negovanović, Danica Trajković
68 | Beograd » Belgrade
Belgrade » Beograd | 69
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