Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and the Vaccines that Prevent Them Disease Vaccine Disease spread by Disease symptoms
Disease complications
Infected blisters, bleeding disorders, encephalitis (brain swelling), pneumonia (infection in the lungs) Swelling of the heart muscle, heart failure, coma, paralysis, death Meningitis (infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord), intellectual disability, FQJHMPUUJUJT (life- threatening infection that can block the windpipe and lead to serious breathing problems), pneumonia (infec- tion in the lungs), death Liver failure, arthralgia (joint pain), kidney, pancreatic, and blood disorders
Chickenpox
Varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox. Air, direct contact
Rash, tiredness, headache, fever
Sore throat, mild fever, weakness, swollen glands in neck
Diphtheria
DTaP* vaccine protects against diphtheria.
Air, direct contact
Hib vaccine protects against Haemophilus influenzae type b.
May be no symptoms unless bacteria enter the blood
Hib
Air, direct contact
May be no symptoms, fever, stomach pain, loss of appetite, fatigue, vomiting, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), dark urine May be no symptoms, fever, headache, weakness, vomiting, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), joint pain Fever, muscle pain, sore throat, cough, extreme fatigue Swollen salivary glands (under the jaw), fever, headache, tiredness, muscle pain Severe cough, runny nose, apnea (a pause in breathing in infants) May be no symptoms, sore throat, fever, nausea, headache May be no symptoms, pneumonia (infection in the lungs) Children infected with rubella virus sometimes have a rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes Stiffness in neck and abdominal muscles, difficulty swallowing, muscle spasms, fever Rash, fever, cough, runny nose, pinkeye Diarrhea, fever, vomiting
Direct contact, contaminated food or water
Hepatitis A
HepA vaccine protects against hepatitis A.
Contact with blood or body fluids
Hepatitis B
HepB vaccine protects against hepatitis B.
Chronic liver infection, liver failure, liver cancer
Flu
Flu vaccine protects against influenza.
Air, direct contact
Pneumonia (infection in the lungs)
Encephalitis (brain swelling), pneumonia (infection in the lungs), death Meningitis (infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord) , encephalitis (brain swelling), inflam- mation of testicles or ovaries, deafness
Measles
MMR** vaccine protects against measles.
Air, direct contact
Mumps
MMR**vaccine protects against mumps.
Air, direct contact
DTaP* vaccine protects against pertussis (whooping cough).
Pertussis
Air, direct contact
Pneumonia (infection in the lungs), death
Air, direct contact, through the mouth
Polio
IPV vaccine protects against polio.
Paralysis, death
Bacteremia (blood infection), meningitis (infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord), death
Pneumococcal PCV vaccine protects against pneumococcus. Air, direct contact
Rotavirus
RV vaccine protects against rotavirus.
Through the mouth
Severe diarrhea, dehydration
Very serious in pregnant women—can lead to miscar- riage, stillbirth, premature delivery, birth defects
Rubella Tetanus
MMR** vaccine protects against rubella.
Air, direct contact
DTaP* vaccine protects against tetanus.
Exposure through cuts in skin
Broken bones, breathing difficulty, death
* DTaP combines protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. ** MMR combines protection against measles, mumps, and rubella.
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