Laser-fabricated sustainable porous carbon electrodes for electrochemical biosensing Sanghwa Moon, Felix Löffler, Volker Strauss Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Germany Porous carbons are versatile materials for electrochemical sensors due to their large surface areas, tunable electronic and chemical properties, and excellent chemical stability. 1 However, due to cost-intensive mass production and delicate processing of such carbons obtained by conventional thermal syntheses, their commercial use is often limited. Laser-induced carbonization is a direct fabrication method that enables one-step synthesis and functionalization of porous carbons on an extremely short time-scale with reduced chemical and energy consumption. Several fundamental applications have been described with regard to using graphene oxide (GO) or polyimides (PI) as starting materials. 2, 3 Besides being rather expensive, their pre-defined structure impedes the selective tuning of the properties of the resulting carbons. Recently, we introduced a concept for the preparation and selective tuning of laser-fabricated carbons from different molecular precursors – carbon laser-patterning (CLaP). 4, 5 Selectively functionalized laser-patterned carbons (LP-C) were successfully applied as flexible resistive gas sensors. 6, 7 Our goal was to expand the applicability of LP-Cs to liquid-based (aqueous) electrochemical sensors and to produce the sensor platform in a more sustainable way. Therefore, we developed a universal approach for generating LP-Cs on a current collector substrate using a sustainable polymer interlayer and precursor for laser carbonization. We optimized the interfacial charge-transport properties by careful adjustment of the reaction conditions, such as composition, layer thickness, and laser parameters. This architecture enables the study of surface chemistry-engineered LP-Cs for the selective detection of biomolecules such as dopamine, uric acid, ascorbic acid and glucose in aqueous solutions and the development of more sustainable prototype sensor devices.
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