• Learn about the site’s key features: its water proximity, weather protection, accessibility and surrounding vegetation. • Research the Dreaming stories and beliefs of the peoples who created and maintained the site.
2.10
Exercise
Learning pathways LEVEL1 1, 2, 3, 5
LEVEL2
LEVEL3
4, 6, 7, 8
9, 10
REMEMBER AND UNDERSTAND 1. Match the Kulin archaeological site with its location. 1. Burial sites
a. Sunbury, west of Melbourne
2. Rock art
b. Cape Schank
3. Fish and eel traps 4. Ceremonial circles 5. Mounds and middens
c. Plenty and Maribyrnong rivers and Darebin and Merri creeks
d. Mt William in Central Victoria
e. Lake Condah
6. Quarries
f. Grampians National Park g. Banks of the Murray River
7. Ceremonial rocks
8. Caves
h. Foothills of the Dandenong Ranges
2. Identify the artefacts and evidence of life found at Lake Mungo. 3. Hundreds of Pleistocene footprints were preserved at Lake Mungo because the people walked across a layer of thick _____________ that later dried and hardened. 4. State what the principles of the Burra Charter are designed to achieve. 5. The charred remains of Mungo I, found near Lake Mungo, are about 20 000 years old. True or False? APPLY AND ANALYSE 6. Themap in SOURCE5 shows artefacts and sites around Australia of archaeological significance. Identify what the difficulties are in protecting and conserving these sites. 7. Look at SOURCE4 and read the relevant text. a. What role did erosion play in discovering the evidence of early Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ occupation of Lake Mungo? b. How deep was the Upper Mungo level? c. Would you expect Mungo I or Mungo III to be closer to the boundary between Upper and Lower Mungo? 8. Look at the photograph in SOURCE4 . What evidence of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ spiritual and funerary practices could an archaeologist gain from studying this source? EVALUATE AND COMMUNICATE 9. Discuss the concept of a ‘shared heritage’ and decide what that should mean in modern Australia. Write your own definition of the term. 10. Explain the main points of the 2010 Burra Charter and then identify why you believe it is of significance to the care of Australia’s deep history sites. Answers and sample responses for this topic are available online.
TOPIC2 Deep Time to modern era 61
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