SkillBuilder discussion Using historical sources 1. Look carefully at SOURCE3 . Describe the scene on Tutankhamun’s gold emblem showing his war return.
SOURCE3 A gold emblem of Pharaoh Tutankhamun returning from war, one of many priceless objects found in his tomb.
2. Identify symbols
showing Tutankhamun’s importance. 3. Analyse how the emblem reþects the pharaoh’s role in war and leadership. Did you know? Relief carvings show Egyptian soldiers cutting hands from enemies, which scribes counted and recorded to glorify the pharaoh’s victories.
3.4.2 Nobles, priests, ofýcials and scribes Nobles were wealthy landowners in ancient Egypt, living privileged lives while peasants and labourers worked on their estates. Priests controlled temples, thereby gaining power. Ofýcials handled administration and ensured the pharaoh’s orders were followed.
• Most high ofýcials were nobles, but some scribes rose from being peasants. • Scribes ranked below nobles, priests and ofýcials but above peasants. • Scribes could read and write, keeping important records like taxes.
SkillBuilder discussion Historical questions 1. Identify the ýgure depicted in the statue and his role in ancient Egypt. 2. Describe the object the scribe is holding in his lap. 3. Explain how long it took
SOURCE4 A statue of Nespekasut, a senior scribe of Karnak, shows him seated with a papyrus on his lap. Becoming a scribe required 12 years of study.
to become a scribe like Nespekasut in ancient Egypt.
TOPIC3 Ancient Egypt 87
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