SOURCE3 The main archaeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Key
Major archaeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation
Indus Valley Civilisation extent
AFGHANISTAN
CHINA
Harappa
PAKISTAN
Mehrgarh
NEPAL
Mohenjo−Daro
T H A R D E S E R T
INDIA
ARABIAN SEA
Lothal
0
250
500
kilometres
Source: Spatial Vision
The cities of the Indus Valley thrived. Farmers worked the ýelds surrounding the cities and ofýcials managed the sale and trade of crops and livestock. The cities were well organised. Their leaders kept records using a special writing system. Skilled workers made jewellery and tools, while traders used boats to carry goods along rivers and across the sea to other lands. We know this because archaeologists have found objects from Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) in Indus Valley cities. Refer to SOURCE4 . These are stamp seals, used by merchants, which were found at the Mesopotamian city of Ur and other sites in that region. Similarly, seals from Mesopotamian cities have been found at Indus Valley locations such as the port city of Lothal.
SOURCE4 Indus Valley stamp seals excavated at Mohenjo-daro.
SkillBuilder discussion Using historical sources 1. How did Indus Valley traders transport their goods? 2. The stamp-seals in SOURCE4 were designed to leave an impression when pressed into wet clay. The imprint would be ýxed to bundles of merchandise as merchants’ marks. What animals do you see and why do you think these were used? 3. Where have Mesopotamian artefacts been found?
Jacaranda Humanities Alive 7 Victorian Curriculum Third Edition
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