LESSON 8.16 Review 8.16.1
Key knowledge summary Use this dot point summary to review the content covered in this topic. 8.2 Geographical concepts and skills • The acronym SPICESS helps you remember the seven geographical concepts: space, place, interconnection, change, environment, sustainability and scale. • The three Geographical skills that you will develop throughout your course are: • Geographical inquiry: This involves developing and reýning geographical questions to investigate places and phenomena by collecting, recording and interpreting data from various sources, including ýeldwork and maps. It also involves analysing information to identify patterns, trends and relationships. • Concluding and decision-making: This involves drawing conclusions based on evidence from geographical data and research; evaluating different perspectives and solutions to geographical challenges; and making informed decisions about environmental, social and economic issues. • Communicating: This involves presenting geographical ýndings using maps, graphs, reports and digital tools; using geographical terminology and data to support explanations; and sharing ýndings in different formats to inform and engage audiences. 8.16.2 Key terms change the process by which places, environments or spatial patterns alter over time. In Geography, change can be natural (like erosion or climate change) or human-made (like urban development or deforestation). environment the natural and human surroundings in which people, plants and animals live, including ecosystems, landscapes, and built environments. interconnection the way people, places and environments are linked to each other through natural processes, trade, migration, culture and technology. place a speciýc location on Earth that has unique physical and human characteristics, making it meaningful to people. sustainability the responsible use and management of resources to meet current needs while ensuring future generations can also meet theirs. scale the ratio that shows how much smaller a map is compared to the real world, e.g., one centimetre on a map equals one kilometre in real life
8.16.3 Reþection Complete the following to reþect on your learning.
Revist the Inquiry question posed in the Overview. Why is geography important to study, and what skills do I need to understand geography? 1. Now that you have completed this topic, what is your view on the questions? Discuss with a partner. Has your learning in this topic changed your view? If so,how? 2. Write a paragraph in response to one of the inquiry questions, outlining your views.
TOPIC8 Geographical concepts and skills 239
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