FIGURE4 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples have held smoking ceremonies for millennia.
FIGURE3 Steps taken when on Country
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Beach activity
Boat activity
Overall steps taken per hour of self-initiated activity when on Country Boxplots illustrate the average number of steps taken per hour of activity across 3 days (where date available) for each participant (open circles: beach, n = 8; boat, n = 6).
Did you know? Smoking ceremonies by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples have been practiced for at least 60 000 years. The smoke from native plants is believed to have cleansing properties, keeping bad spirits away. These ceremonies are performed when people arrive on Country (or speciýc places on Country) as a way of cleansing them and giving them safe passage to continue their journey. Sustainability For tens of thousands of years, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples have managed the land and its resources to ensure environmental harmony and sustainability. Caring for Country, by living on Country, helps keep the environment healthy. 10.9.3 Through practicing their traditional land management techniques on Country, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples provide a wide range of environmental services. Some of these are outlined in FIGURE5 . The introduction of Indigenous Protected Areas (IPAs) has meant that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples can manage their land to meet international conservation standards. They manage the land and receive funding to help with using traditional conservation strategies. Research shows IPAs help Australia meet biodiversity goals effectively.
TOPIC10 Place and liveability 393
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