14.3.4 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ spirituality Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ spirituality is still misunderstood in Australia, to some extent. Spirituality is central, with the world seen as animistic, meaning that all things are connected. Humans are part of nature, not above it. Totemism is key, with natural objects representing clans, passed down through generations. Each clan protects their totem.
SkillBuilder discussion Investigating contemporary Civics and Citizenship issues 1. Describe the purpose of smoke in an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ smoking ceremony. 2. Explain how the body paint relates to the smoking ceremony’s meaning. 3. Identify the cultural role the smoking ceremony serves in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
FIGURE4 A traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ smoking ceremony
Today, Acknowledgement of Country or Welcome to Country is commonly practised at community events. Government events often include Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and customs like smoking ceremonies, honouring their culture and identity.
14.3 SkillBuilder activity INVESTIGATING CONTEMPORARY CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP ISSUES Complete research in pairs or table groups to answer the following questions: 1. Which religions have grown over the past 15 years? 2. Why has the number of Australians without religion increased? Suggest why you think this has happened. 3. Predict future trends: Will religious observance in Australia rise or fall? Explain your reasoning.
14.3
Exercise
Learning pathways Level 1 1, 2, 3, 4
Level 2
Level 3
6, 7, 8
5, 9, 10
REMEMBER AND UNDERSTAND 1. Identify the correct deýnition of ‘multiculturalism’. A. A society where multiple cultures coexist and are encouraged B. A society where individual differences are not accepted C. Movement of people for political, cultural or economic reasons D. When a smaller community merges with a larger one
TOPIC14 Citizenship, diversity and identity 521
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