Michael Lissack
Digital Twins: Organizations create detailed digital replicas of phys- ical assets, from manufacturing equipment to entire cities. These digital twins enable simulation, optimization, and predictive maintenance. The complexity emerges in maintaining synchronization between physical reality and digital models, especially as both evolve over time. The digital twin at Tariq’s facility receives continuous data from thou- sands of sensors embedded throughout the physical environment. It en- ables simulation, optimization, and predictive maintenance. Engineers can test process changes virtually before implementing them physically. When problems occur, the digital twin helps identify root causes and potential solutions. “The complexity comes from maintaining synchronization,” Tariq notes. “Both the physical facility and the digital model are constantly evolving. We modify physical equipment based on insights from the digi- tal twin, and we continuously refine the digital models as we gather more data from the physical world.” This bidirectional flow creates new management challenges. Organizations need people who can move fluidly between digital and physical domains, understanding both the concrete realities of manufac- turing and the abstract representations of data models. They need gover- nance systems that maintain integrity across physical and digital assets. They need new approaches to security that address vulnerabilities in this blended environment. Internet of Things (IoT): Connected sensors create continuous data flows from physical environments, enabling real-time monitoring and response. As the number of connected devices grows exponentially, or- ganizations must manage the complexity of securing, maintaining, and deriving value from vast sensor networks. Augmented Experiences: Technologies like augmented reality over- lay digital information onto physical environments, creating new forms of interaction. This integration changes how people work, learn, shop, and connect, requiring organizations to redesign processes for blended realities.
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