TECHNICAL
API-First approach What’s an API-First approach?
NFC vs. Bluetooth As welcome as it would be, however, there is no single “digital access control” system. There are several competing technologies, and they each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Of these, NFC and Bluetooth are the most popular. Near Field Communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols enabling two electronic devices, one of which is usually a portable device such as a smartphone, to establish communication by bringing them within close proximity. In access control, NFC allows users to unlock doors with a simple tap of their device. Although NFC offers convenience, it can be less secure when the user doesn’t have to unlock the phone or authenticate via an app.
Pros and Cons NFC
An API-first approach in digital access control prioritises developing application programming interfaces (APIs) at the beginning of the creation process. This method ensures that new access control systems can seamlessly integrate with existing IT infrastructure, enhancing flexibility and scalability. Why API-First? Adopting an API-first approach in the development of access control solutions marks a strategic move towards prioritising seamless integration and communication between different software and systems from the initial stages of design. This methodology ensures that the access control systems are not only built to function independently but are also capable of easily connecting with existing IT infrastructure and workflows, enhancing the overall security ecosystem’s effectiveness and efficiency. Key Advantages:
n Pros: Short-range communication is ideal for controlled environments; supports quick, tap-to-unlock access ideal for fast flowing access such as speed gates in corporate offices. n Cons: Limited range restricts user convenience; environmental factors like metal surrounds or protective phone cases can interfere with signal; less flexible for remote access applications; not all phones have NFC functionality which limits usability; access can be granted without unlocking the phone, which could pose a security risk and finding the optimal position for the phone/reader can be challenging. Bluetooth n Pros: Longer range allows for remote unlocking even through walls, not affected by protective phone cases especially ruggedised versions often used by engineers, enhancing user convenience; adaptable to a wide range of environments; supports integration with smartphones for versatile access control; all phones feature Bluetooth functionality making it an adaptable solution; can offer higher security through multifactor authentication and biometrics via the phone. n Cons: Only vulnerable to security breaches if not properly secured, it requires more power; however the use of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) improves and extends battery life. Where do they work best?
n Enhanced flexibility: An API-first approach allows for the customisation
and extension of access control functionalities to meet specific organisational needs.
Bluetooth technology e nables the exchange of data over short distances using radio transmissions. In the context of access control, Bluetooth is more flexible and allows devices to communicate with locking mechanisms from a distance, facilitating hands-free operation and remote access capabilities. Bluetooth offers a more secure option, as it requires you to open the phone and login to an app to gain access to a location.
n Improved scalability: As organisations grow, their security needs evolve. The API-first strategy supports scalability, allowing new components or systems to be integrated without significant overhauls. n Interoperability: One of the standout benefits of this approach is the ease with which access control systems can communicate and operate alongside other IT systems. Interoperability is crucial for creating a cohesive security strategy that leverages data and functionalities across different platforms, from HR systems managing personnel access based on roles and responsibilities to IoT devices monitoring and controlling physical access in real-time. n Real-time data utilisation: Integrating access control systems with broader IT infrastructure enables the real-time sharing and analysis of data. This immediacy is invaluable for security
n NFC performs well in indoor
environments as its limited range is less of an issue in such settings.
n Bluetooth is a more versatile and adaptable solution, suitable for both indoor and outdoor environments. Its longer range and remote access capabilities make it ideal for harsh environments usually found across national infrastructure.
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Volume 46 No.3 September 2024
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