8/10/22
Passage of IGRA
On Oct. 18, 1988, the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (“IGRA”) was enacted by Congress IGRA divides gaming activities into three Classes – I, II, and III and establishes a regulatory framework for each category It also establishes the National Indian Gaming Commission (“NIGC”) to administer the IGRA statute It requires tribes to adopt and submit gaming ordinances for NIGC approval For Class III Gaming, IGRA requires a Tribal-State Compact approved by the Secretary of the Interior and creates an exemption from the Johnson Act for such gaming.
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Early IGRA Indian Gaming
In the period between the enactment of IGRA in 1988 and the issuance of NIGC’s first regulations in 1992, Indian Gaming was already flourishing. In those early years, a number of innovations were introduced, including the use of electronic aids in Class II gaming, particularly for bingo and pull tab games. In the beginning these innovations were relatively modest, such as the introduction of computerized random number generators for bingo games and pull tab dispensers. But very quickly we began to see machines linked together by bingo-based software programs that allowed players to compete against one another for prizes with video screens that displayed spinning reels.
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