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Multi-Element Exploration ICP-OES and ICP-MS Packages Sample digestion
Drill-core and rock samples are generally analyzed by four acid or fusion digestion, with a multi-element finish. Where metal contents are high, samples can require further testing by other methods to ensure data is precise and accurate enough for regulatory reporting. Refer to the Ore-Grade Analysis section in this guide. Instrumentation ICP-OES and ICP-MS are accepted in the mineral exploration industry as rapid and cost- effective means of analysis, because they determine many elements at low detection limits and wide ranges. Other instruments that can be used for specific elements are AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) and Hydride AAS.
Sample digestion is the most important parameter to consider when choosing an analytical method. There are several types of digestion available, including:
• Aqua regia digestion • Four acid digestion • Sodium peroxide fusion • Lithium metaborate fusion
Typically, reconnaissance exploration grade samples (including regional soil samples) are analyzed by aqua regia digestion followed by a multi-element scan for base metals, trace and lithological elements.
Exploration Analysis
Aqua Regia Digestion Aqua regia is a combination of hydrochloric and nitric acids in a nominal 3:1 ratio. This is a weak digestion for geological samples that is appropriate for initial site exploration. Aqua regia will not break down silicate and other refractory minerals, providing partial results for most elements. ICP-OES, ICP-MS or a combination of both techniques can be used to measure these digests. A minimum 0.5g sample is required. Note: For samples containing high levels of organic materials or sulphide minerals, a modified aqua regia method (GE_ICP22B20 and/or GE_IMS22B20) is recommended.
Our global services provides a range of geochemical methods for finding and characterizing mineral deposits of every type. Discovering economically viable mineral deposits requires an expert understanding of the geochemical signatures and footprints of potential ore bodies. We lead the way in providing fit for purpose exploration geochemical analysis solutions that support exploration programs around the world. Utilizing a range of effective and proven methods, including our innovative Mobile Metal Ion (MMI™) technology, we can help you in the discovery of all categories of ore systems, including critical metals, industrial materials, base and precious metal deposits. We ensure that our solutions are tailored to your needs considering time, speed of analysis, cost and requirements of key stakeholders or disclosure legislation such as JORC, NI43-101 and SK-1300.
GE_ICP21B20 AQUA REGIA DIGESTION / ICP-OES PACKAGE ELEMENTS AND LIMIT(S) Ag 2 - 100 ppm
Hg 1 - 10,000 ppm
Sb 5 - 10,000 ppm Sc 0.5 - 10,000 ppm Sn 10 - 10,000 ppm Sr 0.5 - 10,000 ppm Ti 0.001 - 15% V 1 - 10,000 ppm W 10 - 10,000 ppm Y 0.5 - 10,000 ppm Zn 1 - 10,000 ppm Zr 0.5 - 10,000 ppm
Al 0.005 - 15% As 3 - 10,000 ppm Ba 2 - 10,000 ppm Be 0.5 - 2,500 ppm Bi 5 - 10,000 ppm Ca 0.002 - 15% Cd 1 - 10,000 ppm Co 1 - 10,000 ppm Cr 1 - 10,000 ppm Cu 0.5 - 10,000 ppm
K 0.005 - 15%
La 0.5 - 10,000 ppm Li 1 - 10,000 ppm Mg 0.001 - 15% Mn 2 - 10,000 ppm Mo 1 - 10,000 ppm Na 0.005 - 15% Ni 1 - 10,000 ppm
P 0.003 - 15%
Pb 2 - 10,000 ppm
Fe 0.01 - 15%
S 0.01 - 5%
Note: Additional element can be added upon request.
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