Geochemistry Guide 2025

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Iron ore Lithium borate fusion and WD XRF analysis is the industry method of choice for the analysis of oxide iron ores. Single or multi-temperature LOI is available, customizable as required. Borate Fusion ranges are available to accommodate ore grade, process control grade and commercial analysis. High Magnetite containing iron ore will require oxidizing fusion (XRF76).

Graphitic carbon Our capabilities complement the mining lifecycle from exploration to production with targeted analysis.

GRAPHITIC CARBON PACKAGES CODE(S)

ELEMENTS/ LIMIT(S)

DESCRIPTION

MIN. SAMPLE WT. (g)

GO_XRF72FE1 BORATE FUSION / XRF IRON ORE PACKAGE Al 2 O 3 0.01 - 100%

GE_CSA05V GE_CSB05V GC_CSA05V

K 2 O 0.01 - 10% MgO 0.01 - 100% Mn 0.01 - 28% Na2O 0.01 - 2%

Sn 0.01 - 1% Sr 0.01 - 1%

C graphitic (0.05%) C graphitic (0.05%)

Coulometry

0.1 0.2

As 0.01 - 1% Ba 0.01 - 1%

Leach;

IR Combustion IR Combustion

TiO 2 0.01 - 50%

GC_CSA06V

Total Carbon (0.01%) *Ash content (0.01-10%)

0.1 - 0.3

CaO 0.01 - 40% CI 0.01 – 1% Co 0.01 – 5% Cr 2 O 3 0.01 - 10%

V 0.01 - 5% Zn 0.01 - 1% Zr 0.01 - 1%

TM_AMC561_M 20 High temperature carbon analyzer available at some sites for carbon concentrates requiring greater precision. Please contact your SGS customer service agent. * Ash content is not a suitable measurement of graphite purity for samples containing carbonates or other non-graphitic carbon species and is only recommended for samples >90% graphite. Gravimetric

Ni 0.01 - 10% P 0.01 - 10% Pb 0.01 - 10%

LOI -10 – 100%*

Cu 0.01 - 5% Fe 0.01 - 70%

S 0.01 - 2%

SiO 2 0.01 - 100%

* G_PHY01V or G_PHY02V

GC_ICP95V100 IMPURITIES FOR GRAPHITIC CARBON ELEMENTS AND LIMIT(S) Al ≥ 10 ppm

GO_XRF72FE2 BORATE FUSION / XRF IRON ORE PACKAGE ELEMENTS AND LIMIT(S) Al 2 O 3 0.01 - 100%

K ≥ 8 ppm Mg ≥ 3 ppm Mn ≥ 0.4 ppm Mo ≥ 4 ppm

P ≥ 20 ppm Si ≥ 30 ppm Ti ≥ 0.8 ppm

Ba ≥ 0.3 ppm Ca ≥ 10 ppm Co ≥ 2 ppm Cr ≥ 4 ppm Cu ≥ 10ppm

Mn 0.001 - 28% Na 2 O 0.005 - 2% Ni 0.001 - 10% P 0.001 - 10% Pb 0.001 - 10% SiO 2 0.01 - 100% Sn 0.001 - 1% S 0.001 - 2% Sr 0.001 - 1% TiO 2 0.01 - 50%

Zn 0.001 - 1% Zr 0.001 - 1%

As 0.001 - 1% Ba 0.001 - 1% CaO 0.01 - 40% Cl 0.001 - 1% Co 0.001 - 5% Cr 2 O 3 0.001 - 10%

V ≥ 1 ppm

LOI (1000 0 C) REQ* LOI (650 0 C) Optional* LOI (425 0 C) Optional*

Na ≥ 5 ppm Ni 4 ≥ ppm

Zn ≥ 20 ppm Zr ≥ 0.3 ppm

Fe ≥ 20 ppm Trace impurities are determined by lithium metaborate fusion with ICP-OES analysis on residue obtained by ashing (TM_AMC561_M). Additional impurity elements are available upon request. Graphitic carbon and impurity analysis are not available at all SGS locations, please contact your SGS customer service agent.

LOI (371 LOI (105

0 C) Optional*

0 C) REQ*

Cu 0.001 - 5% Fe 0.01 - 70%

K 2 O 0.001 - 10% MgO 0.01 - 100%

V 0.01 - 5%

*G_PHY01V or G_PHY02V

VOLUMETRIC METHOD FOR IRON ORE CODE

MIN. SAMPLEWT.(g)

ELEMENT

LIMIT(S) 10 - 95%

DESCRIPTION

Fe

Titration

0.25

GC_CON08V

This method can be analyzed to party or umpire quality standards (GT).

The Satmagan test provides a measure of magnetic susceptibility on pulp samples, with results expressed as magnetic iron. The Davis Tube test, separates various magnetic mineral phases from non-magnetic components on a range of size fractions of crushed iron ore at various stages of mineral processing. This allows for mass and elemental balancing.

CODE(S)

TECHNIQUE Satmagan

DESCRIPTION

G_PHY20V

Measures the total magnetic moment in a saturated magnetic field to determine the percentage of magnetic material present Separates and gravimetrically determines strongly magnetic particles from weak and non-magnetic particles

G_PHY19V

Davis Tube

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