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GLOS SARY
ANISOTROPY: An anisotropic material such as wood exhibits properties that are different dependent upon the directionality, location considered on the material, or where and how force is applied to the material. Anisotropic materials have properties of the material that are directionally dependent. (Wikipedia) BIOLOGICAL DECAY (OF TIMBER): Any undesirable change in the properties of material of economic importance brought about by the activities of living organisms. (Hans Hueck definition of biodegradation) CAPILLARITY: Capillarity suction moves liquid moisture slowly through porous materials from regions of high liquid concentration to regions of low concentration; (…) although the rate of moisture transport by this mechanism is relatively slow, it can act for years. (ASHRAE Journal Jan 2002 Moisture) DURABILITY: Ability of a constructed asset or any of its components to perform its required functions over a specified period of time without unforeseen maintenance or repairs. (ISO Standard 20887:2020) DISASSEMBLY: Non-destructive taking apart of a construction work or constructed asset into constituent materials and components. (ISO Standard 20887:2020(E)) DEFLECTION: Movement/deformation of a structural element/component from its original position due to forces and loads being applied to it. (designingbuildings.co.uk) DELAMINATION: In this document only the separations in bonding areas that are caused by adhesive failure are called delamination. DEMOLITION: The action taken at the end of a building’s useful life with little or no regard for the potential reuse, recovery, repurposing or recycling of its components. (Circularity Concepts in wood Construction. Unece.org)
DESIGN LIFE (OF A BUILDING): Period of use (of a building, structure or component) as intended by the designer after which it may need to be replaced. Before this period has elapsed, it should remain fit for purpose; will vary according to the type and use of the element being considered. BS EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design, (Eurocode 0) gives indicative design lives for various types of structure. (designingbuildings.co.uk) EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE CONTENT (EMC): Moisture content at which wood is neither gaining nor losing moisture. EMC is influenced more by relative humidity than temperature, and the environment and elements to which it is exposed. (MTBSP, 2021 / Glass and Zelinka 2010) ENGINEERED TIMBER: ‘Engineered timber’, also known as ‘Mass timber’, relates to wood-based composite materials. Typically, solid softwood is processed in a factory, combined with other materials (for example adhesives) and formed into a new material. These engineered timber products combine all the positive attributes of timber, for example strength, weight, sustainability etc, while removing some of the negative attributes, such as variability, stability and limited section sizes. (designingbuildings.co.uk) ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION (EPD): A standardised (ISO14025), verified document that transparently reports the lifecycle assessment of a product in a single place. The European Technical Assessment is the documented assessment of the performance of a construction product in relation to its essential characteristics undertaken to CE-mark the product. HYGROSCOPICITY: Hygroscopicity affects all wood properties. For example, moisture content can increase weight 100 percent or more, with consequent effects on transportation costs. Variation in moisture content causes wood to shrink or swell, altering its dimensions. Resistance to decay and insects is greatly affected. The working,
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APPENDICES
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