Case law The law created by judges when deciding individual cases. Also known as ‘common law’. Caveat emptor Latin for ‘buyer beware’, this principle gives the buyer full responsibility for determining the quality of the goods in question.
Copyright A person’s right to prevent others from copying works that they’ve written, authored or otherwise created. Corporate finance Area of law that involves, among other things, advising clients on mergers and acquisitions, takeovers and stock exchange flotations.
Chambers Offices of a group of barristers.
Corporation An independent entity created to conduct a business.
Chinese walls Procedures enforced within firms to restrict access to certain information and so avoid any awkward conflicts of interest. CILEX The Chartered Institute of Legal Executives (CILEX) is the professional body that represents trainee and practising chartered legal executives. See also ‘Legal executive’. CILEX Advanced Paralegal Those who’ve completed the CILEX Professional Qualification Advanced Stage are CILEX Advanced Paralegals. CILEX Lawyer A CILEX Lawyer has completed all three stages of the CILEX Professional Qualification and is ready to deliver specialist expertise. CILEX Paralegal Professionals who’ve completed the CILEX Professional Qualification Foundation Stage are accredited CILEX Paralegals. Citizens Advice Previously the Citizens Advice Bureau. A charity service offering legal and financial advice to the public. The City The commercial and financial area in the centre of London. Claimant Formerly ‘plaintiff’. The person or body that initiates a lawsuit.
Counsel Barrister(s) acting for one of the parties in a legal action. CPE Common Professional Exam (CPE), a conversion course for non-law graduates. More often referred to as the Graduate Diploma in Law. CPQ The CILEX Professional Qualification was launched in 2021. It’s a new approach to on-the-job training that provides three levels of qualification – see ‘CILEX Paralegal’, ‘CILEX Advanced Paralegal’ and ‘CILEX Lawyer’. CPS The Crown Prosecution Service is responsible for prosecuting criminal cases investigated by the police in England and Wales. Employs solicitors and barristers.
Creditor An individual (or institution) to whom money is owed.
Damages The financial compensation awarded to someone who suffered an injury or was harmed by another’s wrongful act.
Debtor Person who owes money.
Decision The judgment rendered by a court.
Codicil A supplement to a will.
Deed A written legal document that describes a property and outlines its boundaries.
Collateral An asset that a borrower agrees to give up if they fail to repay a loan. Common law The law created by judges when deciding individual cases. Also known as ‘case law’.
Defamation Publication of a statement that injures a person’s reputation. Libel and slander are defamation. Defendant In criminal cases, the person accused of the crime. In civil matters, the person or organisation that’s being sued.
Contentious Legal situation where a dispute has arisen.
Devilling Doing paperwork for other members of chambers.
Contingency fee A fee arrangement in which the lawyer is paid out of any damages that are awarded. Contract An agreement between two or more parties in which an offer is made and accepted, and each party benefits.
Due diligence Investigation carried out to establish an accurate picture of a company’s finances and market position.
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