Peri-implantitis Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition that occurs in tissues around dental implants. It is characterised by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation including bleeding on probing and/or suppuration, increased probing depths and/or recession of the mucosal margin, and radiographic bone loss compared to previous examinations. Peri-implantitis lesions extend apical of the junctional/pocket epithelium and are larger than those at peri-implant mucositis and periodontitis sites. Peri-implant mucositis is assumed to precede peri-implantitis. Data indicate that patients diagnosed with peri-implant mucositis may develop peri- implantitis, especially in the absence of regular maintenance care. The progression of peri-implantitis is faster than that observed in periodontitis and occurs in a non-linear and accelerating pattern. The association between plaque and peri-implantitis is underpinned by evidence demonstrating that patients with poor plaque control who do not attend regular maintenance therapy are at higher risk of developing peri-implantitis and that anti-infective treatment strategies are successful in arresting disease progression. There is also strong evidence that there is an increased risk for peri-implantitis in patients who have a history of severe periodontitis. Data identifying smoking and diabetes as potential risk indicators for peri-implantitis are inconclusive.
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Peri-implantitis
Peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis
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Guidance for clinicians
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