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another ideal of a hypothetical state rather than a realistic goal for poleis to achieve

perfectly, of which autonomia appears to be. Nevertheless, autarkeia was more accessible

and could be preserved at a higher level than autonomia for smaller states.

This then begs the question of whether it was a particularly negative thing for poleis to

have to sacrifice their autonomy since many small poleis would not have had many aspects

of it to give up in the first place. Nixon and Price’s sentiment regarding the theory of peer

polity interaction does well to highlight that interaction and rivalry between states in a

common Greek culture certainly did exist, but states were not peers. 32 The differences in

size and resources produced a hierarchy with smaller states, with lesser populations and

resources, at the bottom. These states would have to rely on other, more prosperous states,

putting in place barriers to achieving autonomia from the beginning. Hansen claims that

many members of the Delian League seemed to have been content with their status as

hypekooi or submissive poleis , not attempting to seize autonomia even in the last few

chaotic years of the Peloponnesian War, alongside several perioikic communities in

Messenia which seem to have remained loyal even after Leuctra. 33 Elsewhere, Hansen

suggests that phoros could be compatible with autonomia , despite Thucydides saying

otherwise, as long as it was imposed by consent not hegemony. 34 This frame of thinking

must be approached with extreme caution. De Ste Croix echoes Hansen’s sentiment in his

work on revolts against the Athenian Empire. Arguably, he is too comfortable with

suggesting that any revolt was orchestrated by the Few alone, even in instances without

information beyond the name of the revolt, trusting Thucydides’ contradictions of himself

32 Nixon and Price, p. 165. 33 Hansen, p. 24. 34 Hansen, p.31; Thuc. 7.57.3,

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