once a year, and the method cannot capture highly dispersed mortality and invasive plants. In the decade since IFMAT III, increases in insect and disease
damage, primarily due to the tulip polar weevil, occurred in 2013 and 2015 in the Eastern region. This damage was apparent across all landowner categories,
but primarily affected tribal and National Forest lands. The Emerald Ash Borer is an important emerging insect pest, particularly for the Eastern region
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Figure B.8. Percent of estate impacted by insect defoliation and insect/disease mortality across landowner categories by consolidated BIA regions (aerial detection survey data through 2020). Note the scale change for the Lake States region (Janine Pashke, RedCastle Resources).
90 Assessment of Indian Forests and Forest Management in the United States
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