These should be carried out at regular intervals and treated as if it was a real emergency. Well-practised drills will help employees be familiar with the process and know what to do and where to go in the event of a fire. Practise drills can also highlight any faults or breakdowns in the system that will require attention. Clear Escape Routes These should be clearly signed and have sufficient lighting. The escape routes should have no obstacles that may restrict the movement of people along the route. Measures to assist people at higher risk There should be measures to assist people at higher risk (for example, vulnerable people and people with disabilities and, or mobility problems). To enable this group of people to evacuate quickly and safely will require a trained and sufficient number of staff being available. The design of the building may also consist of evacuation lifts, refuges, ramps, evacuation chairs and additional escape routes. Contingency Plan for Sleeping People A contingency plan should be put in place, for people that may be sleeping in the building and will need to be evacuated. The plan should be specific and consider the location of the sleeping quarters and the number of people who may be involved. All those who may be sleeping on the premises should be informed on the evacuation procedure. When the evacuation procedures proceed after the alarm has been activated, occupants may be in a disorientated mode and therefore, it is essential that all escape routes are clearly marked, and adequate lighting is present. There should be additional measures put in place for those who are vulnerable, disabled or who may be sleeping in the premises, as their reactions may be slower. Additional staff may have to be present to help in a safe evacuation. E5.3 Summary In this section we have covered: Behaviours of people in the event of a fire • Principles of sensory perception • The effect of time pressure and stress on the decision-making process during fire emergencies • Likely behaviour of individuals responsible for others during a fire (such as parents and elder siblings, nurses, teachers, etc.) • How heat and smoke could affect human behaviour during an evacuation
• Crowd movement (individuals and in groups): • Measures to overcome behavioural problems
5.4 Appropriate training requirements Assessment criteria: 5.4: Understand why fire safety training requirements are needed for all workers. Requirement to provide fire safety training
National regulations and international standards will often contain a requirement for employers to provide fire safety training. In England and Wales , this is a requirement of The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005.
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