The Student Research Symposium is a professional opportunity for our students to share academic, professional, and creative work with the entire campus community. Twice a year, students can participate in the Symposium with submissions of original research, reviews, scholarly essays, creative writing, performance, film and original artwork. During the symposium, outstanding student work is recognized with three awards for excellence in undergraduate student research.
STUDENT RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM MAY 4, 2026 MALCOLM CENTER FOR STUDENT LIFE
Symposium Registration Lobby, Malcolm Center for Student Life 8:00 A.M. - 3:00 P.M. Welcome and Opening Remarks Bacon Conference Room B 8:45 A.M. Dr. Cynthia Bice, Vice President of Academic Affairs Poster & Visual Art Sessions
Poster Session I: 10:00-11:00: Set up 9:30 A.M. Visual Art Exhibit: 11:00-11:50 Set up 8:00 A.M. Poster Session II: 2:00-3:00: Set up 1:30 P.M. Malcolm Center Gymnasium & Bistro Presentations Malcolm Center: Bacon Conference Rooms A (North) and B (South) and Multipurpose Room (Ground Level) Ferguson Center: Formal Lounge (Second Floor) Murrell Memorial Library: Center for Excellence in Teaching & Learning Technology Center: Eckilson-Mabee Theatre
9:00-9:50 AM Session 1: Food (Bacon A) 1. Jadwin Farington, “The Effect of Chemical Food Preservatives on Human Health” 2. Jean Russell, Mason Lipsey, Filippo Bianchi, Xavier Adams, & JD Adams, “Fuel The Vikings” 3. Elizabeth Riggs, “The Impact of Dietary Polyphenols on Metabolic Health: Interactions with the Gut Microbiome” 4. Stella Cashin, “Exploring Connections Between Chronic Stress, Diet, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)” (session chair) Judges: Kristen Revis, Chamara Jayasundera, Sophie Cott Session 2: Politics and Religion (Bacon B) 1. Elijah Hynes, “The Relevance of the Mosaic Law in Light of the New Covenant: A Theological Analysis” 2. Trenton Farnham, “How European Fascist Dictators Interacted with Religion” 3. Charlotte Hoffman, “Literature Review: How Similar are ICE Detention Centers and Nazi Concentration Camps?” 4. Uriah Clay, “Halo Effect and Cult-Like Behavior within the Trump Supporter Community” (session chair) Judges: Katie Kirby, McKenna Christensen, Jim Menz
Session 3: The Wheel of Time: Seasons of Change (Multipurpose Room) 1. Alena Blachowski, “Chronus” 2. Kalyani Das, “A Seasonal Comparison of the Community Diversity of Fishes in the Salt Fork Creek, Saline Co” 3. Joseph Pollard, “The Effects of Dehumanizing Language, Cognitive Dissonance and Unit 731” 4. Tisha Solopa, “Independence, Love, and Self- Discovery” (session chair) Judges: Kevin Gasser, Eva Agcaoili, Alicia Jones Session 4: Ethics, Ability, and Harm (Bacon A) 1. Kai Parry, “Rhetorical Criticism: Arcane League of Legends” 2. Tru Naumovitz, “CDT in Postmodern Literature: Holden Caulfield’s Neurodivergence in Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye” 3. Madison Mills, “Car Seat Safety for School Age Children” 4. Alberto Fontanabona, “Compromise, an Ancient Aristotelian Skill to Analyze Simone Weil’s Moral Extremes” (session chair) Judges: Adrianne Fuller-St. John, Tonya Eddy, Gabi Morales
10:00-11:00 AM Poster Session I: 10 AM-11 AM (Malcolm Gym) Group A 1. Erica Burch Palomino, “Steroid like Compounds in Shark and Ray Skin: Organic Structures, Reactivity, and Antimicrobial Function” 2. Makayla Casjens, “People and Pets: Holistic Medicine and How it Affects Modern Diets of Humans and Their Furry Companions” 3. Makayla Casjens, “Moral Perception and Environmental Ethics in Robin Wall Kimmerer’s Braiding Sweetgrass” 4. Kalyani Das, “The Organic Chemistry of Sunscreen Molecules and UV Degradation” 5. Kalyani Das, “Iron-Driven Oxidative Cell Death in Livestock Neurological Disorders” 6. Lucas Evans, “Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Cells: Mechanisms, Vulnerabilities, and Therapeutic Opportunities” 7. Ara Aranguren Armendariz, “Social Identity and Public Perceptions of Immigration in Spain” Judges: Kristen Revis, Alberto Fontanabona, Chris Libby Group B 8. Keyonie Gaddy, “How Sea Turtles Adapt to Diving and Long Distance Migration” 9. Hailey Holland, “Fasting-induced Activation of BNIP3-mediated Mitophagy Reduces Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: An Emerging Mechanism in Cancer Prevention” 10. Toni Jarreau, “Reduce Waste, Cost, & Time by Using Mechanochemistry” 11. Luyando Masocha, “Flow Chemistry and the Production of Photolabile Prodrugs Targeting Cancer Stem Cells” 12. Avery Mohr, “JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway: The Future of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment” 13. Jordan Pasbrig, “Stereochemical Consequences of SN1 and SN2 Reactions In Pharmaceutical Compounds” 14. Jordan Pasbrig, “Drug Metabolism and Species-Specific Differences in Veterinary Pharmacology” Judges: Rina Fedorowich, Beatriz Bartolome Kateb, Mia Johnson
Group C 15. Georgia Price, “How Does Dehumanization within Medical Trials Affect Patient Decision, Trust and Maintenance of Ethical Responsibility, Particularly in Regards to the Involvement of Vulnerable Groups?” 16. Olivia Simmons, “The Application of Click Chemistry in Drug Development and Medicinal Chemistry” 17. Miranda Wilson, “Homegrown Terrorism: The Fight Against Organophosphorus Compounds” 18. Daníel Cekic, “Texas Brochure” 19. Brittney Slocum, “2026 4-H Community Engagement Photoshoot - Service Project” 20. Leonardo Friedrich, “Washington State Trifold” 21. Pablo Perez, “The Effect of Dehumanization on Discrimination” Judges: Eva Agcaoili, Jim Menz, Chamara Jayasundera Group D 22. Camden Phillips, “A Modern Reconstruction of the GAO’s 1988 Study on Jones Act Cost Premiums to Alaska” 23. Preston Nicholson, “From Rhetoric to Massacre: The Role of Dehumanization in the Rwandan Genocide” 24. Efe Kahveci, “Ohio is a Wonderful Place” 25. Victor Aparicio Reques, “Dehumanization in Competitive Sports: Applying Smith’s Framework to the Treatment of Athletes” 26. Tisha Solopa, “Gendered Power and Social Authority in One Hundred Years of Solitude ” 27. Eduardo Vieira, “Unique Places in Louisiana” 28. Sydnee Wharton, “The Power Structures of Relationships in One Hundred Years of Solitude and The Epstein Files” Judges: Katie Kirby, Kevin Gasser, Sophie Cott Session 5: Mental and Physical Health (Bacon A) 1. Emily Greenfield, “Postoperative Oppression” 2. Ava Ward, DeNea Washington, Eddie Strong, Nick Parra, Yaneli Puga, & Makenzie Manning, “Project Real Talk: Health Awareness Service Project – The Six Steps to Strength” 3. Tia Storms, “Social Media and Dehumanization in the Digital Age” 4. Lexi Leeper, “The Long-Term Health Consequences of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the Role of Trauma-Informed Nursing Care” (session chair) Judges: Bathsheba Love-Burkett, Taylor Thomas, Madison Woodworth
Session 6: Pain and Loss (Bacon B) 1. Jordyn Pollock, “How Maternal Guilt Affects a Woman’s Decision for Pain Control During Childbirth” 2. Baylie Tucker, “Grief Does Not Care About Time” 3. McKenna Christensen, “Pain Control Through Various Stages of Pregnancy” 4. Elijah Asuncion, “Holistic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia” (Session Chair) Judges: Jyoti Chhetri, Marsha Lashley, Douglas Roberts Session 7: Approaches to Metabolism & Weight (Multipurpose Room) 1. Alayna Allen, “Biochemical Crosstalk: Microbial Metabolites and Host Metabolic Regulation” 2. Marina Barbara Bujalance, “Empowering Young Adults with Celiac Disease” 3. Julieta Corbett, “Antidepressants and Weight Gain: Can Nurse-Led Nutrition Education Make a Difference?” 4. Julian Bilezikjian, “Why a Calorie Deficit is the Key to Weight Loss” 5. Ashtyn Sagely (session chair) Judges: Peyton Pinter, Peggy Sherman, Christina Wilson 10:00 AM -12:00 PM Session 8: Graduate Session I (Ferguson Formal Lounge) 1. Anastasija Dragovic, “Use of an Interpersonal Effectiveness Technique for Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder” 2. Jesus Gutierrez, “Building Therapeutic Rapport: A Review of Evidence-Based Strategies for Trust Development and Intervention Effectiveness in Counseling” 3. Brittani Heuszel, “Strength in Numbers: The Benefits of Women’s Support Groups” (session chair) Judges: Samantha Perkins, Abby Hebert, Gabi Morales
11:00-11:50 AM Visual Art Exhibit (Malcolm Bistro Area, 1st Floor) 1. Jozelynn Bostick, “How I Love Being a Woman” 2. Raquan Carson, Jonah Gray, and Adonis Whitley, “Prisoners of Time” 3. McKenna Christensen, “Goodbye” 4. Abigail Fletcher, “Stars” 5. Azul V. Hernández Jimenez, “Ofrenda” & “Hearts and Brains” 6. Dalaney Pollard and Christina Zimmer, “Aging Through MVC Athletics” Judges: Noel Nunn-Faron, Tonya Eddy, Douglas Roberts ART 334 Ceramics II: Pottery Sale & Exhibit (benefitting Community Food Pantry of Marshall) featuring work by Mystyque Anderson, Jozelynn Bostick, Ashton Boyer, Alexis Eddy, Keyonie Gaddy, Jayden Joseph, and Owen Kiso Session 9: Creating Communities: Biology, Kinship, & Families (Bacon A) 1. Lake Epperson, “Greek Communities and the Collegiate Experience” 2. Kaya McCory, “Narrative Criticism: Pilot Episode of The Fosters” 3. Braelen Toles, “Green Chemistry and its Role is Procuring a Future for Sensitive Species” 4. Makayla Casjens, “A Spatial Comparison of Riparian Zones and Their Influence on Community Diversity of Fishes within the Salt Fork Creek, Saline County, Missouri” (session chair) Judges: Rina Fedorowich, Alicia Jones, Bruno Oliveira Mroczek Session 10: Rhetoric & Culture (Bacon B) 1. Keila Liebenberg, “Rhetoric of Resilience: A Neo Aristotelian Analysis of Resilient Voices Farm Attacks” 2. Arun Pal, “International Students and Culture Shock” 3. Nicholas Parra, “Rhetorical Criticism Analysis of Nike’s “Dream Crazy” Campaign: An Ideological Approach” 4. Luyando Masocha, “Mis-seeing Harm: Moral Perception and the Politics of Black Hair” (session chair) Judges: Tisha Solopa, Bathsheba Love-Burkett, Christina Wilson
Session 11: Playing the Game (Multipurpose Room) 1. Andres Umbacia, “Gamification as a Strategic Tool in Digital Applications: An Analysis of Engagement and Retention Mechanisms in Fitness and Learning Platforms” 2. Maurice Walker II, Joseph Hardimon, Henry Tropeia, & Samuel Essilfe, “Game Day Spring ‘26 Internship” 3. Adelia Timmer, “The Role of Play Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Pediatric Patients” 4. Alberto Fontanabona (session chair) Judges: Claire Schmidt, Ivan Aires Soria, Taylor Thomas 12:00-1:00 PM Session 12: Understanding Environment: Animals and People (Bacon A) 1. Kennedy Omey, “Everyone Is Involved In A Parasitic Relationship” 2. Logan Cunningham, “A Temporal Analysis of Changes in Riparian Condition encompassing the Salt Fork Creek and the Influence on Community Diversity of Fishes” 3. Estefano Delgado, “Environmental Factors Influencing Snake Detectability During Visual Encounter Surveys at Marshall Junction Conservation Area, Saline County, Missouri” 4. Ashtyn Sagely, “Understanding the Hidden Values of Misunderstood Insects” (session chair) Judges: Noel Nunn-Faron, Tonya Eddy, Chamara Jayasundera Session 13: Money (Bacon B) 1. Alexander Ballinger, “Student Cash Flow Management” 2. Elizabeth Hurst, Hayden Leavell, Alexander Ballinger, & Martiniano Sansone, “Team Insight” 3. Patricia Uzoma, “Big Brother to Big Brands: How Marketing Influences Our Reality” 4. Xhuliano Marku, “The Future of Digital Payments: Exploring Cashless Economies and the Potential to Transform Global Banking” (session chair) Judges: Mia Johnson, Mason Lipsey, Peggy Sherman
Session 14: Humans and Monsters (Multipurpose Room) 1. Darius Green, “Blood Chronicles” 2. Preston Nicholson, “Parasites Can’t Talk: How Corporations Reassign Dependency and Control Worker Identity Through Narratives of Parasitism” 3. Roberta Rus, “Analysis of the Psychological and Ideological Dimensions of Dehumanization” 4. Leslie Chastain, “When Fear Became Evidence: Moral Panic and the Manufacturing of Monsters during the Satanic Panic of the Late Twentieth Century” (session chair) Judges: Douglas Roberts, Marsha Lashley, Alberto Fontanabona 12:00-2:00 PM Session 15: Graduate Session II (Ferguson Formal Lounge) 1. James McMeachin, “Designing A Study To Assess The Degree To Which Preferred Musical Affect Influences How College Students Perceive Music” 2. Drake Tipton, “Understanding Adjustment Disorder: A Case-Based Perspective from a Counseling Internship” 3. Julia Vidallon, “Healing Through IFS and Empty Chair Technique” 4. Tyra McKenzie, “Compassion Through the Eyes of a Visual Impairment” (session chair) Judges: Tisha Solopa, Bathsheba Love-Burkett, Alicia Jones 12:00-1:00 PM Session 16: Performance (Eckilson Mabee Theatre) 1. Naomi Curry & Ty Billingsley, “Better” 2. James Menz, “Calling All Air Drummers!!” 3. Addie Wolfe & Brighid Groom, “Seasons of Adversity” 4. Sydnei Cummings, “Misfit” (session chair) Judges: McKenna Christensen, Peyton Pinter, Jen Livengood
1:00-1:50 PM Session 17: Prevention (Bacon B) 1. Alanna Neilsen, “Early Comprehensive Sexual Education in Pre-Adolescents: Improving Knowledge and Reducing STI Risk” 2. Rachel Smith, “The Homeopathic Benefits of Honey in Healthcare” 3. Jordyn Muller, Kelby Thomason, Candice Alabi, Hannah Roberts, Waheeb Ali, and Cole Carlson. “Student Mental Health Outreach” 4. Mason Lipsey (session chair) Judges: Katie Kirby, Abby Hebert, Jyoti Chhetri Session 18: Athletics (Multipurpose Room) 1. Logan Holt, “How Does Lumbarization Affect Athletes?” 2. Bertram Sarina, “Athlete Mindsets” 3. Daniel Palomares Domingo, “Creating a Winning Identity: A Comprehensive Game Model for Collegiate Soccer” (session chair) Judges: Kevin Gasser, Ivan Aires Soria, Mia Johnson 1:00-2:30 PM Session 19: World War II, Jackson County and the Four Freedoms (Center for Excellence in Teaching & Learning, Murrell Library) 1. Abigail Fletcher, Preston Nicholson, Noel Nunn- Faron, & Camden Phillips, “Recovering the Home Front: Economy, Logistics, and the Jackson County MO War Experience” 2. Alberto Fontanabona, Trenton Farnham, Kaya McCory, & Daniel Younger-Loesing, “The Heart of a Nation: the Stories of Jackson County from World War II” 3. Reid Ronsley, Sydnee Wharton, & Rich Hart, “World War II in Jackson County, MO: Industry and Agriculture” 4. Raychael Moseley,* Lucía Vizcaino Torres, & Joseph Pollard, “War and Reform: How World War II Reshaped Democracy in Jackson County” (*session chair) Judges: Sophie Cott, Taylor Thomas, Christina Wilson
2:00-3:00 PM Poster Session II (Malcolm Gym) Group E
1. Mystyque Anderson, “Beyond Physical Performance: Analyzing Mental Health Challenges & Well-Being in College Athletes” 2. Jordan Bracamonte, “Restorative Justice, Victim Closure, and Satisfaction” 3. Milene Cesar Marciniuk, “The Impact of Mental Health in Student Athletes’ Performance Satisfaction” 4. Zoe Christofaro, “The Relationship Between Alcohol Use, and Marijuana Use, to Academic Motivation Among College Students” 5. Chad Coburn, “The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Functions” 6. Sydnei Cummings, “Are Anger and Aggression Associated with Motivation in College Student Athletes” Judges: Kevin Gasser, Jyoti Chhetri, Tonya Eddy Group F 7. Filippo De Bonis, “The Evolution of Policing from the 1960s to the 1990s” 8. Abigail Dunn, “Limits of Federal Immigration Authority” 9. LeeAnn Estill, “Anxiety in Relation to Place of Origin” 10. Abigail Fletcher, “Women, Religion, and Magic: Let’s Talk About It” 11. Thomas Gearllach, “Nutrition & Mental Health: Exploring the Role of Diet in Psychological Distress” 12. Maleigha Landers, “The Psychological Impact of ACL Tears on Depression and Anxiety in Female College Athletes” Judges: Okey Peter Onyia, McKenna Christensen, Gabi Morales
Group G 13. Brittany Gilliland, “The Impact of Attachment Styles on Relationship Satisfaction, Marital, and Family Goals” 14. Brittany Gilliland, “Social Psychology Themes in The Secret Lives of Mormon Wives ” 15. Ellie Gutcher, “Does Alcohol Use and Sleep Quality Impact Stress Levels Among College Students?” 16. Ellie Gutcher, “The Stigmatized Mother: Postpartum Depression as a Perceived Social Deviance” 17. Mekhai Gover, “How Trauma Shapes Violent Behavior” Judges: Douglas Roberts, Madison Woodworth, Jim McMeachin Group H 18. Eddy Ndayikengurukiye, “Alcohol Use and Behavioral Patterns Among Missouri Valley College Students” 19. James Phillips, “How Framing Shapes the Urge to Bet on Sports” 20. Ethan Quarchioni, “Living Next Door to Atrocity: Dehumanization in The Zone of Interest” 21. Ana Rendón, “The Impact of Coach- Athlete Relationship Quality on Pressure Management and Stress Levels Among Student-Athletes in College” 22. Matthew Renfrow, “Mitigating the Dangers of Sex Work” 23. Chantel Richardson, “The Effectiveness of Criminal Profiling as an Investigative Support Tool” Judges: Adrianne Fuller-St. John, Abby Hebert, Chamara Jayasundera Group I 24. Jazzmin Sentner, “Perception, Reality, and Moral Judgement: An Investigation into the Powers of Social Media” 25. Tisha Solopa, “The Influence of Media Narratives on Views of Police Brutality” 26. Jayson Williams, “The Impact of Mental Illness/Disorders In Prisons and The Effect On Recidivism” 27. Xavier Williams, “Effects of Physical Injury in Sports on Mental Health” 28. Adrian Zamora, “Body-Worn Cameras Used in Court Rooms”
29. Clayton Shroyer, “The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and Coping Strategies in College Students” Judges: Mia Johnson, Chris Libby, Bruno Oliveira Mroczek Session 20: Bodies, Minds, and Abilities (Bacon A) 1. Cade Basson, “Early Mobilization Protocols for Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients” 2. Daytona Blaine, “The Impact of Anaerobic Capacity on Second-Lap Performance in the 800m” 3. Hailey Simons, “Eating Disorders in Adolescence” 4. Tru Naumovitz, “Narrative Criticism of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure Part 7: Steel Ball Run” (session chair) 5. Judges: Mason Lipsey, Marsha Lashley, Katie Kirby Session 21: Design and Production (Bacon B) 1. Kellen Fitzgerald, “Biosynthesis of Natural Products: Organic Reaction Mechanisms as a Foundation for Chemical Resilience in Living Systems” 2. Octavious Griffin, “RUDE BOY” 3. Abraham Preston, “Bioorthogonal Reactions” 4. Isla Baeza, “Click Chemistry: A Simple and Efficient Approach to Modern Chemical Synthesis” (session chair) Judges: Peggy Sherman, Peyton Pinter, Ivan Aires Soria Session 22: Showcase: The Purple Patch Editor’s Choice Awards (Multipurpose Room) 1. Editors’ Choice, Creative Nonfiction: Braelen Toles, “Lessons in Grief” 2. Editor’s Choice Award, Fiction: Kyleigh Browning, “There were Signs” 3. Editors’ Choice, Poetry: Eva Agcaoili, “The Trees Speak To Me” 4. Editors’ Choice, Artwork: Azul V. Hernández Jimenez, “Viva América!” 5. Editor’s Choice Award, Photography: Braelen Toles, “Among the Small Things” 6. Editors’ Choice, Academic Prose: Camden Phillips, “From Limited Powers to Industrial Management: Behind the Push for Reshoring Industry” 7. Editors’ Choice, Vibrant Valley Award: DeRel Morris, “Wooden Spoon” 8. Noel Nunn-Faron, Editor in Chief and Session Chair
3:00-3:50 PM Session 23: What’s My Next Move? Research Opportunities for MVC Students (Center for Excellence in Teaching & Learning, Murrell Library) 1. Dr. Andy Linsenbardt & Waylon Hiler, “MVC Research Opportunities in the Sciences: Today and Tomorrow” 2. Dr. Claire Schmidt, “Two Renewable Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research Internships on the MVC Campus for 2026-2028” 3. Dr. Chris Libby, “Finding and Applying for High- Impact Undergraduate Research Internships” Session 24: Teaching and Learning (Multipurpose Room) 1. Daniel Younger-Loesing, “Education at Missouri Valley: The Importance of the Education Program”
4. Iusif Alizada, “Artificial Intelligence: Learning Without Understanding” (session chair) Judges: Kristen Revis, Okey Peter Onyia, Jim McMeachin Session 25: Reading Between the Lines: Approaches to Literature and Literacy (Ferguson Formal Lounge) 1. Tru Naumovitz, “Alienation in Literature: A Dive in to Murakami’s Kafka on the Shore from a Disabled Lens” 2. Darius Green, “Masculinity in Society” 3. Sage Beltran, Elena Sanchez Campos, Aniah Castruita, Alexis Eddy, Lukas Garza, Kaya Gorrow, Dezmond Jones, & Abagail Walters, “Reading Through the Shift” 4. Noel Nunn-Faron, “Between Dream and Reality: The Incommunicable Nature of Love in García Márquez” (session chair) Judges: Gabi Morales, Taylor Thomas, Madison Woodworth
2. McKenna Christensen, “Utilizing Test-taking Strategies for Undergraduate Nursing Students” 3. Julius Kruger, “Understanding the Purpose of the Economy and What Makes it Prosperous” Awards Reception Bacon Room, Malcolm Center for Student Life | 4:00 - 5:00 P.M. *Live Entertainment Courtesy of Professor Jim Menz* 4:30 P.M. | Closing Remarks & Presentation of Awards Dr. Joseph Parisi, Missouri Valley College President Excellence in Student Research Awards Best Poster | Best Creative Work | Best Presentation | Best Graduate Capstone
Spring 2026 Student Research Symposium People’s Choice Award
Purple Patch Editors’ Choice Awards Fiction | Creative Nonfiction | Visual Art | Photography Academic Prose | Poetry | Vibrant Valley
ABSTRACTS
Xavier Adams - see Russell et al. “Fuel The Vikings” (session 1) JD Adams - see Russell et al. “Fuel The Vikings” (session 1) Zamora Adrian - “Body-worn cameras used in court rooms“ (poster session II) This paper will discuss how the rise of body-worn cameras has had a big impact on police officers, the public, and jurors in courtrooms. The use of body-worn cameras helps the court by providing audio and real-time footage of the event. We’ll explore whether it gives judges and juries a clear understanding of what took place during the event. Based on research and surveys of police officers, information was gathered to determine whether camera footage helps determine guilt or innocence, and to explore whether it’s beneficial for police officers to wear body- worn cameras that provide audio and capture real-life events, which can have consequences and limitations for police officers. Many factors can influence the evidence, such as camera angles and the officer’s movement, which might be too much to capture the entirety of the incident. Examining the effect of the footage and its role in the judges’ decisions, and how the footage may influence the case. Eva Agcaoili - “The Trees Speak To Me” (session 22) Purple Patch Editor’s Choice Award Winner Candice Alabi - see Muller et al. “Student Mental Health Outreach” (session 17) Waheeb Ali - see Muller et al. “Student Mental Health Outreach” (session 17) Our project focuses on evaluating mental health awareness among college students at Missouri Valley and finding ways to improve support and reduce the stigma of asking for help. Our project is to better understand how students view mental health and find better ways to reach out to them. This will also give students an opportunity to share their own input on changes that could be made on campus. Iusif Alizada - “Artificial Intelligence: Learning Without Understanding” (session 23) The rise of artificial intelligence has changed how many people think about technology. Many people assume that AI is capable of thinking, analyzing, and understanding information in the same way humans do. However, this is not true. AI is based on mathematical formulas, probability, and pattern recognition, which allow it to identify statistical patterns in large datasets. In this project, I will analyze and explain how AI generates answers that often appear similar to human reasoning and how machines reduce the chance of incorrect outputs through mathematical optimization. I will also explain why AI can sometimes produce convincing answers that have little connection to reality, leading to errors such as hallucinations, flawed logic, and inconsistent responses. Using real-world examples, this presentation will also demonstrate how AI can greatly simplify tasks that previously required professional skills. Overall, the goal of this project is to challenge common assumptions about artificial intelligence and provide a clearer understanding of both its capabilities and its limitations.
Alayna Allen - “Biochemical Crosstalk: Microbial Metabolites and Host Metabolic Regulation” (session 7) The gut microbiome is a fundamental driver of host health, but the precise signaling mechanisms linking microbial activity to metabolic disease are not fully understood. Microbial metabolites are investigated as signaling molecules in host metabolism. This analysis includes enzymatic pathways, including succinate-to-propionate and butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase. The activity of these enzymes determine metabolite ratios. Research explores molecular docking of short-chain fatty acids at GPR41/43 receptors to trigger GLP- 1 release, where tryptophan-derived indole-3-propionic acid activates the AhR/mTORC1 axis to suppress gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, the Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway is linked to cardiovascular risk via NF-κB and IP3-mediated calcium signaling. These mechanisms represent critical targets for specific metabolite-based therapeutics, including precision postbiotics, GPCR agonists for Type 2 diabetes, and CutC enzyme inhibitors to prevent atherosclerosis. Mystyque Anderson - “Beyond Physical Performance: Analyzing Mental Health Challenges & Well-being in College Athletes” (poster session II) Specific psychological issues that collegiate athletes encounter are often forgotten by the demands of mental toughness, perseverance, and performance. This study examines the primary factors impacting problems with mental health in collegiate athletes, emphasizing athletic sense of self, expectations of performance, support from institutions, and the stigma surrounding treatment. The study indicates that being overly attached to athletic performance may negatively impact self- esteem, particularly during injury, poor performance, or role transitions. Physical problems, like not being able to get mental health resources for specific sports or having trouble with their schedule, make it even harder for an athlete to get help. To build on what we currently know, this study uses a survey that is given to student-athletes at Missouri Valley College. The study evaluates participants’ mental health experiences, understanding and utilization of resources, perceptions of support from coaches and staff, and views towards receiving psychological assistance. It is suggested that elevated performance pressure, increased sports identity, and restricted access to specialized resources will correlate with adverse mental health consequences. The results are meant to help with future research that asks for more mental health support in college sports. The study emphasizes the significance for tailored psychological therapies, greater consciousness, and more beneficial team settings to improve athlete wellness and athletic performance. Mystyque Anderson, Jozelynn Bostick, Ashton Boyer, Alexis Eddy, Keyonie Gaddy, Jayden Joseph, Owen Kiso - ART 334 Ceramics II Pottery Sale (visual art session) ART 334: Ceramics II will be hosting a pottery sale during the visual art session of the Spring 2026 Symposium. All money raised from the sale will be donated to the Community Food Pantry of Marshall as part of the service learning requirement for Ceramics II. Pottery is intrinsically connected to serving food so we thought it appropriate to connect our service learning to the Community Food Pantry that serves food to elderly, veterans, and other individuals and families in need. In addition to the
sale, students will be exhibiting some of their favorite works from this semester. Students have been working hard this semester to advance their ceramics skills on the pottery wheel and with hand building techniques. They have also been advancing their surface design abilities through practicing modern and traditional decorating techniques such as slip trailing, sgraffito, mishima, and more. Victor Aparicio Reques - “Dehumanization in Competitive Sports: Applying Smith’s Framework to the Treatment of Athletes” (poster session I) This project discusses how dehumanization as detailed by David Livingstone Smith could be used in the context of the treatment of athletes in competitive sports. Although dehumanization is mostly linked to overt ideological doctrines that leave some groups of people as less human, what is presented in this paper is that the same tendencies can be observed in the workplace where performance and outcome are valued more than any other thing. Concentrating on college and professional sports, the analysis examines how athletes can be viewed and treated as individual performance tools and not as complete human beings. Based on the framework of Smith, the project examines how the fans, media, and sports organizations can contribute to the kind of perception that is akin to dehumanization although there might not be an explicit dehumanizing ideology. Through these dynamics, the paper asks questions of how competitive pressures influence moral perception and blame some actions on athletes. Conclusively, this project holds the position that even though the treatment of athletes cannot be categorized fully under the strict definition of dehumanization by Smith, there are crucial points of its presence in this area, which underscores the ethical dilemma in contemporary competitive sports. Ara Aranguren Armendariz - “Social Identity and Public Perceptions of Immigration in Spain” (poster session I) The Spanish migration crisis is something that is being discussed in politics and in society today because it is a place where migrants travel. This study is about how Spanish people think about migrants through the lens of social psychology, with a primary focus on Social Identity Theory. According to this theory, the development of human identities is connected to our social groups. Migrants in Spanish culture are part of another group, which creates prejudice and stereotypes. This paper also examines how people’s attitudes are affected by their environments, specifically how people change their behavior to fit in with other people. By using what is researched on the subject and what is said in the media, this study examines how people’s ideas, environments, stereotypes, and what other people think influence their attitudes. The findings have shown that there is something in social psychology that affects people’s attitudes toward migrants, which in return affects what people do or what politicians say. By understanding this, we can work on ways to stop prejudice in society and get people from different backgrounds to get along in today’s diverse world. Elijah Asuncion - “Holistic Strategies for Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia” (session 6) Alzheimer’s disease and dementia are neurodegenerative conditions that damage the brain which leads to cognitive decline and impair daily functioning. While medications can offer some relief, pharmacologic methods are limited and may cause adverse effects. Recent literature emphasizes the importance of non-pharmacological interventions, which can improve quality
of life (QOL) and help prevent caregiver strain. Studies within the last five years highlight the holistic approach such as; music therapy, physical activity, aromatherapy, reminiscence therapy, and adequate nutrition. These studies demonstrated an improvement in behavior and cognitive function without the risk of medication. Importantly, training caregivers can improve patient centered care, reducing caregiver burden and increasing satisfaction. Overall, non-pharmacological, holistic interventions are an essential and effective way to augment dementia care, as reinforced by the literature review and current research. An educational module was developed for family members and Home health caregivers to provide training for non- pharmacological strategies to improve Alzheimer’s and dementia care. These strategies support patient centered care that benefits cognitive, behavioral, and emotional health for individuals with dementia and their caregivers. Alexander Ballinger - “Student Cash Flow Management” (session 13) My project will be focusing on a common problem among college students, which is not fully understanding where their money is going each month. From my experience in the Missouri Valley College Finance Office, I have been working with accounts payable, which involves tracking what the college owes and making sure everything is recorded and paid correctly. I will connect this idea to the life of a student by showing how everyday expenses like rent, food, and books can be treated in a similar way. I will create a simple monthly cash flow tracker in Excel that helps students organize their income and expenses, and clearly see whether they have a surplus or deficit. I will also explain important concepts like cash flow, net income, and financial obligations in a practical way, and demonstrate how the tracker works using example data. My goal is to help students understand their finances and make better decisions. Alexander Ballinger - see Hurst et al. “Team Insight” (session 13) Marina Barbara Bujalance - “In young adults newly diagnosed with celiac disease, does a structured nurse-led education, including individualized dietary instructions and follow-up support, reduce the number of days they experience bloating three months after the program compared to three months prior to completing the education course?” (session 7) Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune condition triggered by gluten ingestion, causing damage and inflammation to the small intestine. Young adults who are newly diagnosed often experience symptoms such as frequent bloating, diarrhea, fatigue, and abdominal pain. Bloating can be distressing because it can interfere with social interactions, daily activities, and overall quality of life. Although the primary treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, a lot of patients feel overwhelmed after diagnosis and may struggle to identify hidden sources of gluten or to prevent cross-contamination. This project is an educational module designed for young adults newly diagnosed with celiac disease. The goal is to evaluate if targeted nursing education can improve symptom management and promote better long-term outcomes.
Cade Basson - “Does implementation of an early mobilization protocol improve clinical outcomes in adult mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit?” (session 20) Adults aged eighteen and older receiving care in the ICU while requiring mechanical ventilation are at a high risk for complications due to prolonged immobility. ICU-acquired weakness affects approximately 40% of mechanically ventilated patients and is associated with prolonged hospital stays, increased mortality, and impaired long-term recovery. Early mobilization protocols have demonstrated significant benefits in reducing ventilator days, decreasing ICU length of stay, and improving functional independence at discharge. The process of early mobilization includes initiating progressive, patient- specific, physical therapy within the first forty-eight to seventy- two hours of admission to the ICU. Throughout this capstone experience, an educational module will be developed in order to educate hospital staff on evidence-based early mobilization protocol specifically targeted at adult mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU setting. This intervention is particularly important for this population as middle-aged adults often have dependents relying on them to regain functional independence as quickly as possible. The goal of this project is to improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare expenditure, and enhance the quality of care. The module will be nurse-driven, following strict safety guidelines. The rationale for this topic choice is because the protocol of early mobilization is primarily driven by nurses, has evidence to support the need for implementation, and addresses a gap in which early mobilization remains inconsistent despite the strong evidence supporting its benefits in the ICU setting. Sage Beltran, Elena Sanchez Campos, Aniah Castruita, Alexis Eddy, Lukas Garza, Kaya Gorrow, Dezmond Jones, & Abagail Walters - “Reading Through the Shift” (session 24) Due to Missouri’s shift in reading instruction, this study examines the reasons for the shift and the current reading challenges facing several at-risk third-grade students in area Title I elementary schools who are in both regular and special education classrooms. Over 9 weeks, 8 preservice teachers participated in small-group and one-on-one reading assistance during school hours, and they implemented meaningful activities that favored Tier 2 and Tier 3 interventions. A tutoring approach based on pre- and post-data was implemented using the iReady assessment tool, and guidance from classroom teachers helped preservice teachers support the elementary students effectively. The study features participant results, effective reading research data, and strategies from the book, Shifting the Balance: 6 Ways to Bring the Science of Reading into the Balance Literacy Classroom (K-2), by Jan Burkins and Kari Yates. Filippo Bianchi - see Russell et al. “Fuel The Vikings” (session 1) Julian Bilezikjian - “Why a calorie deficit is the key to weight loss” (session 7) This is a presentation describing the efficacy of a calorie deficit, why it’s important, and how people can be misled regarding diets and weight loss. I will have research to back up my claims with cited evidence from reliable and recent sources. Ty Billingsley - see Curry “Better” (session 16)
Alena Blachowski - “Cronus” (session 3) Cronus’ is a collection of poems I have written about my own life experiences with time, love, and relationships with others and emotions. They all talk about specific details and scenarios that relate to the concept of time and how society has a constant need for everything to go fast. Some of the poems are about my experience being neurodivergent and the struggles associated with being undiagnosed as a small child. I wanted this to be personal and specific to me, but general enough that it could open discussion between others who are like me. Daytona Blaine - “The Impact of Anaerobic Capacity on Second-Lap Performance in the 800m” (session 20) My presentation explains how anaerobic capacity affects second- lap performance in the 800m. The 800m meter is one of the toughest races out there if not the toughest because you have to use both aerobic and anaerobic energy, and the second-lap is usually where the race decides the outcome. Here in this presentation I’m focusing on how having a higher anaerobic capacity can help those 800m runners keep their speed and fight off fatigue on lap two. I looked at a lot of data from timed trials, pacing splits, lactate measurements, heart rate, step frequency, VO2, and even power output, and these analyzed how athletes’ bodies handle the second-lap energy demands. These results showed runners with stronger anaerobic capacity had a better second-lap because they slowed down less, handled the lactic acid better, and used their energy more efficiently than those that had a lower anaerobic capacity. This shows that training anaerobically isn’t just for the sprinters, it makes a huge difference in a race. Without this type of training this race is going to be a lot harder and hurt a lot more. Coaches and athletes can use this data to help adjust the athletes training and race strategy to get better on the second-lap, which can result in a better time for the 800m. Jozelynn Bostick - see Anderson et al. ART 334 Ceramics II Pottery Sale (visual art session) Jozelynn Bostick - “How I Love Being a Woman” (visual art exhibit) This installation will be a feminist piece. I will be asking different women and girls what being a woman means to them and I will also ask them to send me a picture of themselves. I will then use their responses and photos and put them in my piece. I plan to install this piece from the ceiling using tape and string and also hang flowers, fairy lights, and decorations. I will have a banner that will be screen printed that reads the title of the piece “How I love being a woman”. Ashton Boyer - ART 334 Ceramics II Pottery Sale (visual art session) Jordan Bracamonte - “Restorative Justice, Victim Closure, and Satisfaction” (poster session II) This study examines how participation in restorative justice programs influences victims’ sense of closure and their overall satisfaction with the justice system. Traditional criminal justice processes often prioritize punishment over healing, which can leave victims feeling marginalized or emotionally unresolved. In contrast, restorative justice emphasizes dialogue, accountability, and repairing harm through facilitated interactions between victims and offenders. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research analyzes both quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews from victims who have participated in restorative justice programs. Key variables include perceived emotional
closure, satisfaction with case outcomes, and trust in the justice system. The study also explores how factors such as the nature of the offense, the structure of the restorative process, and the level of offender accountability influence these outcomes.Preliminary findings suggest that victims who engage in restorative justice processes report higher levels of emotional closure and greater satisfaction compared to those who go through traditional court proceedings alone. Many participants highlight the importance of being heard, receiving direct acknowledgment of harm, and gaining answers to unresolved questions. However, the study also identifies limitations, including variability in program quality and the need for careful facilitation to avoid re- traumatization.This research contributes to ongoing discussions about criminal justice reform by providing evidence on the potential benefits and challenges of restorative justice from the victim’s perspective. The findings aim to inform policymakers, practitioners, and community organizations seeking more holistic and victim-centered approaches to justice. Erica Burch Palomino - “Steroid-like Compounds in Shark and Ray Skin: Organic Structures, Reactivity, and Antimicrobial Function” (poster session I) Steroid-like antimicrobials derived from the epidermis of elasmobranch fish are examined, with particular attention directed toward aminosterols such as squalamine, which has been identified as both an antiretroviral and antimicrobial agent. Squalamine, aminosterols and marine-derived steroidal antimicrobials are very important in modern organic chemistry, as they are natural substances with elaborate structures and a more significant role in drug discovery and chemical biology. The topic deserves in-depth study at an advanced level due to the clear definition of the chemical field, the growing popularity of steroid derivatives with biological activity, and their importance in the correlation between structure and activity. The compounds chemistry raise a number of fundamental questions, including the stereochemistry of steroid structures, the reactivity of different functional groups, acid-base behavior, nucleophilic substitution reactions, redox reactions, and conformational analysis that relate more fundamental mechanisms to molecular design in biology. Cole Carlson - see Muller et al. “Student Mental Health Outreach” (session 17) Stella Cashin - “Exploring Connections Between Chronic Stress, Diet, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)” (session I) Chronic stress, different from acute stress, is a constant feeling of being overwhelmed or anxious. While acute stress is often triggered by a single event that may cause a quickly increasing level of dissatisfaction, chronic stress often accompanies a long term stressor. There is a diverse population of people who suffer with chronic toxic stress. Diet, and the quality of the food selected, may have a significant impact on these stressors, possibly inhibiting the severe symptoms of chronic toxic stress. Implementing self regulatory skills and analyzing the environment of the person is a key factor in successfully improving their diet. In patients with symptomatic chronic stress, an educational pamphlet on the importance of implementing habits around food that promote eating a healthy diet may improve their negative psychological symptoms, as evidenced by the Perceived Stress Scale. A healthy diet seems to correlate significantly to improvement in depression, anxiety, and lower levels of stress. People who partake in heavily processed diets eat foods containing high levels of glucose, unhealthy fat, and
artificial additives, which contributes to symptoms of mood disorders advanced by stress. Education on the relation between limiting stress and a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, could reduce systemic inflammation to alleviate symptomatic chronic stress. When healthy dieting interventions are implemented, people are less likely to consume processed foods, lessening their likelihood of negative psychological symptoms. Makayla Casjens - “A Spatial Comparison of Riparian Zones and Their Influence on Community Diversity of Fishes within the Salt Fork Creek, Saline County, Missouri” (session 9) Riparian areas surrounding water ecosystems have a direct effect on the species diversity of fishes. Riparian health can provide researchers with insight into the health of surrounding ecosystems and waterways. Fishes were sampled from multiple sites along the Salt Fork Creek in Saline County Missouri in Spring 2026 within and outside of riparian corridors. Sampled fishes were measured, examined for ectoparasites, noted for breeding colors, and released unharmed at the point of capture. A community diversity index was calculated for each sample site. Comparisons were then made to determine if diversity is influenced by the presence or absence of riparian zones. Makayla Casjens - “Moral Perception and Environmental Ethics in Robin Wall Kimmerer’s Braiding Sweetgrass ” (poster session I) Human exploitation and destruction of natural resources is often displayed as a scientific, economic, or even political problem. However, it should be also seen as a problem that concerns society’s moral perception. Society consistently sees plants, animals, and ecosystems as objects or resources that are unlimited and there for the taking. This idea makes it easier for humans to justify the exploitation of the natural world. In this project, I will examine the moral principles shared by indigenous scientist, Robin Wall Kimmerer. In her book, Braiding Sweetgrass, she challenges modern mindsets by encouraging her readers to reconsider how they look at the natural world. Her writing discusses changing language, the use of positive reinforcement (reciprocity), and relational responsibility in order to argue that harming the environment stems from the cultural framework that humanity has created to separate themselves from nature, reducing other living beings into commodities, in place for humanity to exploit. Using this text, current events, and concepts in relation to dehumanization and moral perception used by David Livingstone Smith, this project will discuss the idea of how a shift in human perception can change current moral judgments toward nonhuman life for the better. By discussing new ways of understanding humanity’s relationship with the environment, Braiding Sweetgrass encourages the audience to work to better understand nature and work with it rather than dominate and exploit it. Increased moral attention to the natural world is essential in understanding and addressing the current environmental crisis and developing ethical relationships between humanity and the ecosystems that maintain our presence on Earth. Makayla Casjens - “People and Pets: Holistic Medicine and How it Affects Modern Diets of Humans and Their Furry Companions” (poster session I) Reflecting upon modern diet trends for human and companion animals, one can note society’s heavy reliance on ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Designed for convenience, affordability, and long shelf lives, these industrial formulas are often filled with
additives, preservatives, and chemically altered ingredients. For humans, science is beginning to link high UPF consumption to chronic diseases like obesity, type two diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammation, and many more. Similar health trends can be observed in our companion animals that consume highly processed diets, but less research is available to assess these occurrences. Using an integrated approach that considers both humans and animals (e.g. One Health), this study will examine the parallels between human and companion animal health trends associated with ultra-processed diets and shared environmental exposures. Factors such as reduced nutrient quality and altered biological functions in combination with household chemical exposures may be contributing to rising chronic disease rates similar to those seen in humans. Through literature review and interviews with veterinary and human nutrition professionals, this study explores not only the side effects of the ultra-processed diet, but also the growing interest in holistic approaches emphasizing whole food diets, reduced chemical exposure, and preventative health. Using a One Health approach, this research emphasizes the need for further investigation into the long-term health effects of ultra-processed diets across species. Aniah Castruita - see Beltran et al. “Reading Through the Shift” (session 24) Daníel Cekic - “Texas Brochure” (poster session 1) Texas, a state renowned for its cultural, historical, and entertainment offerings, attracts numerous tourists due to its considerable diversity and historical importance. Despite its broad appeal, many potential visitors remain unaware of the extensive attractions that Texas presents. This project gives potential visitors a fuller picture, highlighting important locations, notable historical events, and cultural aspects, through an engaging tri-fold brochure made from data from a variety of sources. To identify prominent cities, landmarks, and attractions suitable for inclusion, maps and photographs were also consulted. Texas’s historical trajectory, according to the available research, is characterized by its unique and many qualities, many events such as the Battle of the Alamo and notable advancements in space exploration. Furthermore, major metropolitan centers, including Austin, Dallas, and Houston, offer a diverse array of modern attractions and cultural experiences. Additionally, Texas is celebrated for its culinary offerings, notably Tex-Mex cuisine and barbecue, alongside traditions like live country music and rodeos. National parks, historical sites, and entertainment venues draw millions of tourists annually. Texas is a place unlike any other, catering to a wide range of interests. Whether you’re passionate about history or in search of adventure, the Lone Star State has something for you. Milene Cesar Marciniuk - “The Impact of Mental Health in Student Athletes’ Performance Satisfaction” (poster session II) The purpose of this study is to analyze how psychological well-being influences athletic performance satisfaction among college student athletes. The study tries to investigate if mental health factors, such as anxiety, depression, and stress affect athletes’ ability to perform consistently and effectively during competitions. By exploring the relationship between psychological functioning and sport outcomes, the research aims to determine if mental health challenges can affect the lack of focus, motivation, confidence, and performance. I predict
that higher levels of mental health distress will be significantly associated with the decrease of athletic performance, while higher levels of psychological resilience will be positively associated with improved performance outcomes among collegiate student-athletes. This study is seeking to have a hundred college student athletes as participants from Missouri Valley College. The study will use an online survey, which will start collecting demographic data, along with questions about mental health and performance satisfaction. The study will focus on the participants who have ever been student athletes. Leslie Chastain - “When Fear Became Evidence: Moral Panic and the Manufacturing of Monsters during the Satanic Panic of the Late Twentieth Century” (session 14) The Satanic Panic of the late 20th century represents how moral panic can lead to mass hysteria and societal consequences. This paper discusses how sensationalized media weaponize widespread social fears to lead to false accusations, wrongful convictions, and long-lasting societal and criminological impacts. Drawing on Stanley Cohen’s Moral Panic Theory and Labeling Theory, and examining well-known cases such as the McMartin Preschool scandal and the West Memphis Three murder trial, the paper explores how unsubstantiated claims were transformed into criminal prosecutions despite the absence of evidence. The paper explores how accused individuals were socially constructed as deviant “folk devils,” stripped of personhood, and judged through fear rather than facts. It further examines the role that media amplification, moral entrepreneurs, and prosecutorial overreach play in distorting due process. Finally, the paper considers the long-term impact of the Satanic Panic on sex offender policy, public perception, and fear-based approaches to criminal justice. McKenna Christensen, “Goodbye” (visual art session) Grief is a universal experience that everyone has dealt with personally or has witnessed someone else go through. Healthcare professionals have the great privilege and burden to bear witness to someone’s last moments more frequently than the majority of the population. This piece reflects the immeasurable weight of saying goodbye to a loved one and the quiet grief saturated with emotion to the point of overflowing. This drawing represents the grief of loved ones I have bid farewell to, as well as the grief for a loss of loved ones I have witnessed as a nursing student. In these moments, time seems to slow, and silence often speaks louder than words. There is a sacredness in the final breath, in the trembling hands held tightly, and in the unspoken understanding that love does not end with loss. As a student nurse, I have learned that grief is not always loud or visible. Grief can exist in stillness, in the hollow spaces left behind, and in the strength it takes to let go. This work seeks to honor both the pain and the beauty within those moments, acknowledging grief not only as sorrow, but as a profound reflection of deep human connection. McKenna Christensen - “Pain Control Through Various Stages of Pregnancy” (session 6) There is a significant amount of information and misinformation about pain control during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period circulating throughout the media and other sources as of late. By examining evidence-based resources and articles, factual information can be attained. Many pregnant patients do not have the time or knowledge to complete research for credible information regarding their care, and rely on less-credible
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