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AMMO101 | PISTOL
AMMO101 | SHOTSHELL
RIFLED BARREL SLUGS Sabot slugs are High Performance projectiles designed to be fired in a rifled barrel and are used for medium to large game. These offer greater accuracy and penetration for medium range shots.
HOW IT WORKS 1 As the trigger is pulled, the primer is struck, creating a mini explosion, that ignites the powder. 2 Gas generated from the burning powder rapidly expands in the cartridge, forcing the shot out of the cartridge and down the barrel. 3 Shot leaves the barrel as a small, tight group of projectiles and disperses into a wider “pattern” as it travels farther downrange.
HOW IT WORKS 1 As the trigger is pulled, the primer is struck, creating a spark that ignites the powder. 2 Gas converted from the burning powder rapidly expands in the cartridge, forcing the bullet out of the cartridge and down the barrel. 3 The rifling in the barrel causes the bullet to spin as it exits the barrel and travels downrange.
SMOOTHBORE SLUGS Smooth bore slugs are designed to hunt medium-large game at short ranges by firing a single large projectile.
A jacketed hollow point bullet after impact. Notice the petals that form upon expansion.
THE BULLET Designed with specific performance in mind, different bullets can produce varying degrees of expansion, penetration and accuracy. Modern bullets are typically a lead core with a ‘jacket’ around them made of a harder material like copper or copper alloy to reduce barrel fouling.
THE POWDER Smokeless powder is a type of propellant that burns cleaner and more consistently, resulting in less fouling in the barrel.
THE PRIMER The primer is responsible for igniting the powder - a high quality primer ensures reliability and consistency shot after shot.
THE WAD A wad is the part, usually plastic, that separates the powder from the shot or slug. It properly seals the expanding gases during ignition for consistent performance, and provides a barrier between the shot and the barrel while shot is traveling down the barrel.
THE POWDER Smokeless powder is a type of propellant that burns cleaner and more consistently, resulting in less fouling in the barrel.
THE SHELLCASE The shellcase holds all the components together and is most commonly made of brass or steel. This illustration shows a nickel plated shellcase.
DISTANCE (YARDS)
0
10
20
30
40
THE PRIMER The primer is responsible for igniting the powder - a high quality primer ensures reliability and consistency shot after shot.
A small, dense pattern just feet from the barrel will turn into a larger, thinner pattern downrange.
THE SHOT Rather than a single bullet, shotshells contain hundreds of pellets, known as “shot.” Designed to shoot at fast-flying clay targets and small game like dove, quail and pheasant, this multitude of projectiles improves the odds of the shooter hitting a moving target.
COMMON USES
PERSONAL DEFENSE Increasingly, handgun owners are buying ammunition with special technology, specifically designed for personal defense. TARGET SHOOTING High-volume shooting competitions and indoor ranges allow the shooter hours of enjoyment and practice. HUNTING While not as commonly used as rifle or shotgun ammo, handgun offerings with special technology in larger calibers allow hunters to enjoy the added challenge of pursuing game with a handgun. *
BULLET TYPES
SHOT SIZES
Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP) High Expansion, Optimal Penetration
STANDARD SHOT SIZES Shot Number Diameter In Inches Pellets/Oz., Steel Pellets/Oz., Lead Pellets/Oz Bismuth
DENSITY
9
8.5
8
7.5
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
B
BB BBB .18 .19
T
.08 .085 .09 .095 .10
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
.16
.17
.20
7.9*
-
- 577 490 420 316 243 191 153 125 103 -
72 50
61
53
SHOT TYPES
11.0*
585 500 410 350 300 225 170 135
- -
87 83
- -
- -
- -
- -
9.7*
-
-
-
-
-
-
194 155
-
* Grams per cubic centimeter
Lead Economical, used for target shooting and small game hunting. This shot may also be plated with copper to improve performance in magnum hunting and premium target loads Steel Used for waterfowl hunting and other uses like target shooting and small game hunting when the use of lead-free shot is required Bismuth Used in high-performance waterfowl and hunting loads
BUCKSHOT SIZES Shot Number
Full Metal Jacket (FMJ) No Expansion, Deep Penetration
4
3
1
0
00
000
Diameter In Inches # Pellets Typical Load
.24
.25
.30
.32
.33
.36
27, 34, 41 20
16, 24
12
9, 12, 15, 18 8, 10
*Always consult your local hunting regulations before going afield.
CALIBERS Handgun calibers are determined by the inside diameter of the barrel they’re shot from. These sizes range from as small as .22 to as large as .50 caliber. Popular cartridges are .22 LR, .380 Auto, 9 MM, .38 Special, 40 S&W and 45 Auto.*
GAUGES Shotgun gauges are determined by the inside diameter of the barrel they’re shot from. These sizes range from as small as .410 Bore to 10 Gauge.
.410 28 Ga 20 Ga
16 Ga
12 Ga
10 Ga
.22 LR .380 Auto
9MM
.38Special
40 SW
.45 Auto
*Cartridges are not shown in actual size
*Cartridges are not shown in actual size
Ranges are staffed with skilled professionals and instructors who can offer new shooters advice on the basic skills and rules of safe gun handling. If you’re looking for a range, search our comprehensive directory to find a location near you. Winchester.com/ Where-to-Shoot
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