Mechanisms of Ozone
Triggers hormetic oxidative stress that activates Nrf2, a transcription factor that boosts antioxidant defenses and detoxification pathways.
Modulates immune signaling through lipid ozonation products (LOPs) and indirect stimulation of cytokines.
Enhances mitochondrial function, leading to better ATP production.
Kills microbes in the extracorporeal loop through direct oxidation.
02 Ultraviolet Blood Irradiation (UVBI)
Following ozonation, the blood passes through a chamber exposed to full-spectrum UV light—UVA, UVB, and UVC, plus visible LED light frequencies.
Mechanisms of UV Light
Direct inactivation of microbes via DNA/RNA disruption (especially UVC).
Induces hormetic response that boosts antioxidant enzymes.
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Modulates immune function through toll-like receptor activation and nitric oxide (NO) upregulation.
Photobiomodulation stimulates tissue repair and inflammation resolution.
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Visible Light LED Benefits
Full-spectrum LED strips stimulate additional photobiological effects:
Red and infrared: Enhance mitochondrial health and circulation Blue and violet: Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties Green and yellow: Skin and tissue rejuvenation
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