Board Converting News, March 7, 2022

Artificial Intelligence (CONT’D FROM PAGE 1 )

this may not be a worry for simpler transactions, this can be more concerning where there is more at stake, like fi- nancial services and telemedicine. AI vs. Machine Learning vs. Deep Learning : The terms AI, machine learning and deep learning are often used in- terchangeably, but each term has a specific meaning and is interrelated. General, high-level uses of AI, like text chatbots on e-commerce sites, are likely pre-programmed by humans to mimic typical human interactions or calculations. The AI here depends on what is already programmed; it cannot “learn” on its own from mistakes or added information, nor can it start-up or power down on its own. heavily relies on human interaction. Machine learning helps to address these scenarios. In machine learning, tools are put into place where the AI

learns from feedback and information it is given, and then uses it to improve its operations or performance in the fu- ture. Human intervention is sometimes necessary, but not at the same level as basic AI. Voice assistants are exam- ples of machine learning in action.

Deep learning takes this to the next level, where the learning that takes places mimics that of the human brain, using sophisticated algorithms called neural networks. Neural networks are currently being used in sev- eral applications, including aircraft fault detectors, guidance systems used by cars, and even ATM machines AI is more accessible than you think: Two of the biggest barriers of entry for organizations to use artificial intelligence tools are overall costs and gaining the right set of skills to use these tools properly. The overall cost of an AI solution will largely depend on the targeted use case, or problem attempting to be solved, and the level of sophistication needed. Building a general AI chatbot will not be as expensive as, say, building a self-driving car. That said, many cloud computing platforms offer cost effective AI and machine learning tools to people and organizations, as well as free or low-cost training to help them get started AI requires ongoing investment : The costs that come with AI and related solu- tions is not a “one and done” affair. Al- though AI solutions can minimize the time and effort needed for monotonous, low-val- ue tasks, they require monitoring to ensure that operating properly, biases are mini- mized and that they comply with any indus- try regulations, as well as local, state and federal laws. AI solutions, much like cloud computing-based solutions, should be con- sidered an operating expense vs. a capital expense. In addition, as AI solutions change and mature, ensuring that staff is properly

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