Petunia. Deep dive into technology Part II
Syngenta Flowers APAC Technical Webinar for Tropical Regions 11-21-2024 2 p.m.
Inka Orange 70041091 Damask Salmon Veined 70110227
Short recap of previous Webinar • Syngenta Petunia assortment overview (Duvet, Espresso Grande, Tritunia & Frost, Prism, Espresso Frappe, Espresso, Hurrah, Horizon, Damask, Picobella, FlashForward, FotoFinish, Hang Out, SkyBox). • Germination specific (Not cover seeds!). • Low pH (5.5 ― 5.8) is required. • Feed your plants well. • Main rules of fertigation. • Avoid boron deficiency. • Other condition for young pants production. • Protect your plants (few words about quarantine, chemical protection, biological protection).
Your questions are welcome through Q&A!
Picobella Mix 70007838
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5 components of success with Petunia
When to transplant?
Damask Salmon 70059267
Be careful with PGRs.
pH < 5.8!
Boron!
Day length.
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When to transplant?
• Readiness to transplanting depend on plug size. • In 288-cell trays it takes 4 or 5 weeks. • 8―11 leaves stage is ideal for transplanting.
Well developed plants for transplanting But a little overgrown for small cell tray
When to transplant?
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When to transplant?
• Plants can be transplanted to the ready pots directly. • Provide proper pot size and enough space.
When to transplant?
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Suitable pot size.
• Use proper containers for your plants.
Large Packs
0.5 l (10 cm) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w)
1 l (11 to 12 cm)
1.25 to 2.5 l (11 to 17 cm)
3 to 8 l (20 to 25 cm)
6 l hanging basket 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w)
8 l hanging basket
Species
Series Duvet
Packs* 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w)
1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w) 1 (5-6 w)
2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w) 2-3 (6-7 w)
3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w) 3-4 (7-8 w)
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Espresso Grande Tritunia & Frost
4-5 (9-10 w) 4-5 (9-10 w) 4-5 (9-10 w) 4-5 (9-10 w)
Petunia grandiflora
Prism
Espresso Frappe
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Espresso Hurrah Horizon Damask Picobella
1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w) 1 (4-5 w)
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Petunia multiflora
4-5 (9-10 w) 4-5 (9-10 w)
― ―
―
―
Petunia milliflora
FlashForward
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1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
2-3 (6-7 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
4-5 (7-8 w)
FotoFinish
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1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
2-3 (6-7 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
4-5 (7-8 w)
Petunia pendula
Hang Out
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―
1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
2-3 (6-7 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
3-5 (7-8 w)
4-5 (7-8 w)
SkyBox
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―
1 (5-6 w)
1 (5-6 w)
1 (6-7 w)
1-3 (7-8 w)
3-4 (7-8 w)
4-5 (7-8 w)
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Keep pH 5.5 ― 5.8 in the substrate.
• Porous substrate (25―30% of perlite). • Suitable substrate components:
cocopeat peatmoss wood fiber peat rise husk
• Rinse cocopeat well. • Airy agent: perlite > sand > zeolite > vermiculite. • Sift the substrate to obtain a uniform particle size 5―20 mm. • pH range: 5.5―5.8 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Wood fiber based.
Cocopeat.
pH < 5.8!
Peatmoss.
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• What about vermicompost & natural soil? Keep pH 5.5―5.8 in the substrate .
• Yes, it is possible to use different kind of mixtures : 1/3 natural soil + 1/3 vermicompost + 1/6 cocopeat + 1/6 husk compost, 1/3 natural soil + 1/3 vermicompost + 1/3 cocopeat, 1/2 rice husk* + 1/4 cocopeat + 1/4 vermicompost, 1/2 rice husk + 1/4 perlite + 1/4 cocopeat + 1/8 vermicompost… * by the way, rice husk provides low pH • Grower can use coco cheeps as airy agents for pots instead of perlite. • But do not forget about pH range: 5.5―5.8
pH < 5.8!
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General condition after transplanting.
• Checking pH regularly: - in the water before every watering. - in the substrate one time per week. • Water pH: 5.5―5.8(5.9)
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• Keep substrate moisture on level 2 and 4 . Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations.
Level 5 SATURATED
Level 4 WET
Level 3 MEDIUM
Level 2 MEDIUM DRY
Level 1 DRY
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General condition after transplanting.
• Temperature - Day:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Temperature difference provides compactness
- Night:
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
• Light intensity : 40―60 KLk
Partial Sun/Shade
Moderate Shade
Full Sun
Light Shade
Heavy Shade
• Substrate EC (SME): 1.5―2.1 mS/cm • Provide plant with 125―175 ppm of nitrogen. • Do not use too much phosphorus!
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Boron deficiency
• Provie NPK with microelements . • Do not use too much phosphorus!
Factors affecting boron (B) efficiency. pH rate. Too high phosphorus (H 2 PO 4 - ) concentration. Calcium concentration. Temperature. Substrate type. Do not use 15-15-15 or 17-17-17! This rate of phosphorus is too high!
Compact & curling upper leaves.
Boron.
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Petunia fertigation tips.
• Give fertilizers with every watering . • Do not use 15-15-15 or 17-17-17! • Do not use ureum (NH 2 ) 2 CO! • Do not use clean water (without fertilizers). • Do not use dry fertilizers
• Suitable NPK rate after transplanting : 15 -5- 15, 15 - 3 - 15, 15 -5- 10, 18 -5- 15, 17 -5- 17 – vegetative PNK. • Suitable NPK rate at flower bud emergence : 15 -5- 25, 15 - 3 - 25 15 -5- 30, 18 -5- 35, 17 -5- 40 – generative NPK. • Do not use too much phosphorus!
Time to change
Vegetative NPK
Generative NPK
( 17 -5- 40 ) N < K
( 17 -5- 17 ) N ≈ K
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Petunia fertigation tips.
Not apply Ca & Mg fertilizers to often Apply Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 every two weeks only.
week 3
week 4
week 5
week 7
week 6
week 8
week 9
2.5 2.5
2.3 2.3
2.3
2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
2.3
2.0 2.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
2.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
2.0 2.0 2.0
2.0 2.0
1.7 1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7 1.7
1.7
1.7
1.5
Water EC, mS/cm
( 18 -5- 18 ) – vegetative NPK, ( 18 -5- 35 ) – generative NPK
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Petunia fertigation tips.
• Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Feed your plants well!
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
Where and when to check EC & pH?
• Media EC: SME 0.9―0.75 → 1.5―2.1 mS/cm
After transplanting
For YPLs
Test soup before plant will show you it’s hungry
1. In the watering solution before.
• EC in water solution: 1,7―2.5 mS/cm • Check plant health (EC & pH) before plant needs reanimation.
2. In the substrate after watering.
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Day length reaction.
Most of Syngenta petunias are day neutral or facultative long day!
Suitable time for petunia production in this region
Day length.
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Day length reaction.
Most of Syngenta petunias are day neutral or facultative long day!
FotoFinish Rose Star
Weeks to Flower
6.0
5.5
5.5
6.5
Day length.
Daylength
9.5
10.5
11.5
13.5
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Day length reaction.
Most of Syngenta petunias are day neutral or facultative long day!
Skybox (trailing)
Hang out (trailing)
Flash Forward (trailing)
Frost
Foto Finish (trailing)
Prism
Espresso Frappe
Tritunia
Espresso
Espresso Grande
Hurrah
Day length.
Damask
Duvet
Picobella
Semi-early
Early
Standard
Very early
Semi-late
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Be careful with PGRs.
Petunia flowers are sensitive to daminozide! Do not apply B-Nine ® WSG after bud formation. Bonzi ® drenches at 1 –2 ppm during later stages in the crop will reduce stretch and will not affect flowering as much as B-Nine ® WSG.
FotoFinish Rose Star
Be careful with PGRs.
B-Nine WSG, 2000 ppm
No PGRs or pinching
Pinching
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Petunia disease management.
Most common Petunia seedling diseases.
Disease
Active ingredients (rate)
Active Ingredient concentration in solution g/l*
iprodione (50%)
1.25 g/l
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (82.5%)
0.83 – 1.2 g/l 0.5 – 0,75 g/l 0.75 – 1,25 g/l
Botrytis
fenhexamid (50%)
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%)
iprodione (50%)
1.25 g/l 0.15 g/l
azoxystrobin (50%) fludioxonil (125 g/l)
0.05 – 0.07 g/l
Rhizoctonia
chlorothalonil (72%) + thiophanate - methyl (18%)
0.75 – 1,25 g/l chlorothalonil or/and 0.18 – 0,27 g/l
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%) polyoxin D zinc salt (11.3%)
0.75 – 1,25 g/l
0.07 g/l 0.04 g/l 0,25 g/l
Penconazole (100 g/l) azoxystrobin (250 g/l)
Powdery mildew
Diseases
* Rotate active ingredients (AI). Don’t apply the same AI more than 3 times at row. Check phytotoxicity!
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Bio protection is a good practice.
Add Trichoderma-base or bacterial-base chemical into substrate mixture (Gliocladium catenulaturm, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amylolquefaciens, Streptomyces sp. K 61, Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC 108,* Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma gamsii…) * Chemical on the base of bacteria can be combined with fungicides as well. Can be used as prophylactic.
EXAMPLE
Diseases
EXAMPLE
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Petunia pests' management.
Petunia rather sensitive to viruses. Main vectors: Aphids, Thrips, Weeds (Solanaceae family) Human!!! Possible chemical protection from Aphids (AI): Clorantraniliprole (100 g) + Lambdacialotrina (50 g) Lambdacialotrina (106 g/l) + Thiamethoxam (141 g/l) Thiamethoxam (141 g/l) + Chlorantraniliprole (10 g)
Diseases
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Diseases. Quarantine!
All good practices:
One entrance
Not combine ready and young plants
Mind a Gap !
Net on the side walls
Caisson
Antiseptic mat
No Transit
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Q&A session.
• Thank you for your time. • For more information, please contact your Key Account Manager.
Amjad.Iqbal@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SEAP (South East Asia & Pakistan) (Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipines, Cambodja, etc
Ivan.Pozdnyakov@syngenta.com Technical Sales Specialist SA/SEAP
Gautam.Sangle@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SA (South Asia) (India, Nepal, Bangladesh)
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