FIRST COAST COMMUTER RAIL TOD STUDY | INTRODUCTION
FIRST COAST COMMUTER RAIL TOD STUDY | INTRODUCTION
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TRANSIT - ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT TOD OVERVIEW
MEDIUM TO HIGHER DENSITY DEVELOPMENT
MIX OF LAND USES
COMPACT, HIGH QUALITY PEDESTRIAN ENVIRONMENT
TOD aligns investment in vibrant, pedestrian-oriented, compact, mixed-use development, around quality public transportation stations and corridors. The concept leverages public investment in transit to drive private investment in order to enrich neighborhoods and drive regional growth. TOD often includes a mix of residential, office, and retail supported by neighborhood amenities to become dynamic places where people live, work, and play. TOD creates connected, focused, and mixed-use communities generally denser than the surrounding area, or generally includes higher densities of employment and residential options. The typical arrangements of TOD density is focused at the center of a one-quarter radius area, which is estimated to be around a five minute walk from transit. The characteristics of TOD include an emphasis on the public realm, public space, planning at the pedestrian scale, providing freedom of mobility choice, ensuring development is sensitive to community context, and reducing and/or incorporating shared parking requirements. The form of TOD is highly dependent on context. Density and mix of uses depend not only on the type of transit, but also on the context of the surrounding areas, input from the community, and the value of the land. TOD is adaptive, and the look and feel should consider the desires of the existing community to ensure a good fit and to avoid displacement of current residents. TOD PRINCIPLES Planning and implementing successful TOD involves decisions that directly influence density, land uses, the public realm, multi-modal transportation, urban form, and overall character as a place. There are seven fundamental targets that define the characteristics of successful TOD. While these targets should be applied to create transit-supportive environments around station areas, TOD must be aligned with a neighborhood’s character, the market strength for development, and the community’s aspirations for TOD. These targets are reviewed in detail in Figure 1-5 and include: » Medium to higher density developmentnt » Mix of land uses » Compact, high quality pedestrian environment » Active and vibrant center » Connected network of public spaces
Concentrating a mix of land uses in a TOD provides diversity and variety, allowing people the opportunity to live, work, and play in the same place and encouraging people to use active mobility options like walking to meet their needs regardless of how they arrive at a TOD. A transit-oriented environment efficiently utilizing the land and infrastructure, and has a mix of residential, commercial, restaurant, retail, gathering, and employment uses. The key is to locate the various compatible uses close together, making them easily accessible to each other in order to improve active mobility and transit uses.
Density is about scale, with the goal of creating an active, walkable district that also is compatible with the character of the surrounding neighborhood. TOD has a higher net average density than the surrounding areas, with the highest densities adjacent to the transit station as well as the destinations the transit station serves. Higher densities increase ridership by providing access to more people and creating an active and vibrant place where people want to be.
Transit trips start and end by walking. Vibrant communities, with or without transit, are convenient and comfortable places for pedestrians. The walkshed of a TOD can be enhanced and expanded by designing streets that are inviting and comfortable for people through streetscaping and Complete Streets. The incorporation of these principles like widened sidewalks, natural and on-street parking buffers, high quality lighting, wayfinding, and landscaping help create an inviting and comfortable walking environment.
NON-TOD
NON-TOD
NON-TOD
Dispersed, auto-oriented density doesn’t leverage transit or provide supportive uses that generate ridership
Single-use buildings without ground-floor activation, typically uncoordinated and not supported of each other
Streets are oriented around single-occupancy automobiles with minimal sidewalk space.
TOD
TOD
TOD
Density is focused around the transit station and pares down as you move away from the station, increasing access to and activity around the station and generating ridership.
Mixed-use buildings with active ground floors that open up to the street and activate the sidewalk located next to transit.
Street space is redistributed to be inclusive of all modes, ensuring pedestrians and cyclists have adequate space for an active public realm, and street lanes accommodate transit, automobiles, loading, and parking needs.
» Multimodal connectivity » Limited, managed parking
Figure 1-5: TOD PRINCIPLES
FCCR TOD
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